1. There are quite a number of books and pamphlets on the Salesian Brother in English.

2. A list of materials is available under BOSCONET on the SDB Website.

3. A book on the SALESIAN BROTHER prepared in Rome has been printed by the Salesian Press in Manila and gives a very full account of the history and the vocation of the Salesian Brother.

4. The ACTS of the SALESIAN BROTHERS MEETING in Rome in 1975 were printed in English and give a large amount of material on the Brother.

5. Some booklets with brief lives of Salesian Brothers were printed in some countries e.g. India many years ago, and are worth reading if available.

6. Enzo Bianco’s work on the SALESIAN BROTHER was translated into English 25 years ago and printed in two parts by the Salesian Press at New Rochelle. The title of the book in English is DON BOSCO’S LAY RELIGIOUS. The subtitle of the first part is: Essays on the Salesian Brother and the subtitle of the second part is: Profiles in Courage.

7. Recently a series of articles on deceased Salesian Brothers has been appearing in the Italian Salesian Bulletin and these are being translated into English. They give a wonderful account of the diversity of the Brother’s vocation and also of the saintly brothers who have lived in the Congregation.

1. Brothers were given initial formation in special houses in Italy many years ago when there were large numbers of Brother vocations.

2. The smaller number of Brother vocations in recent years has meant that in many provinces brothers are now given initial formation alongside Salesians who are preparing for the priesthood. However, there are also many provinces in which Brothers receive no specific initial formation. Nowadays more attention is being given to the training of Brothers. Some brothers are being given the opportunity of special individualised training, e.g. Brother John Rasor of the SUE Province who has obtained a Doctorate at the UPS. Many Brothers are able to get specialised training in their particular field of expertise.

1. Ongoing Formation has been available for many years. In some cases this involves travelling to courses in specialised areas, e.g. at the Pisana in Italy, and is an expensive venture. Other Courses of Ongoing Formation have been organised within individual provinces or are available at non-Salesian venues within the Provinces.

2. Brothers are also advised to engage in their own personal ongoing formation. Many aids are given for this within the community itself, e.g. practices of piety with the community, conferences, community meetings, good nights. Some of this formation can be undertaken within the private prayer life of the Brother, and also by the Brother’s choice of spiritual and Salesian reading.

The number of Salesian Brothers in the Salesian Society has declined since it peaked in the 70’s, and there is still evidence of a slow decline. Various reasons have been given for this decline, e.g. lay apostolate in the world v. religious consecration. This could well be a topic for study in the coming EAO Congress.

I am not aware of outside challenges facing Brothers in Australia. Within Australia itself some brothers have leading roles at Provincial level, and others have leading roles in communities at local level.

The apostolate of the Brothers throughout the world varies considerably. This can be seen by means of a study of the various apostolates in the articles on the Salesian Brother in the Bollettino Salesiano from January 2002 onwards.

I am not in a position to comment on how these Guidelines have been followed in the Australian Province as I was out of the Province for a number of years and I have been incapacitated during the past two years.

1. I am very much in favour of a Brothers’ Congress in the EAO Region. I favour such Congresses at five year intervals and held in different venues each time. Cambodia strikes me as a good venue for the year 2006, particularly in view of the three foundations in that country, foundations which depend very much on the apostolate of the Brother. I would recommend that, in choosing the country for the Congress and the dates of the Congress, care be taken not to have the Congress during the rainy season of the specific country.

2. Individual Provinces can have their own Provincial meeting of Brothers in the Province at intervals decided by each Province.

3. I have no specific views on the format of the Regional Congress, and prefer to leave that to the organising committee appointed for the Congress.

4. I attended the Congresses held in Cebu in 1995 and in Melbourne in 1999. I find that much of the value of the Congress comes from the mixing of Brothers of different Provinces outside of formal sessions of the Congress.

5. With regard to numbers of brothers attending the Congress, I am in favour of “the more the better”. However, numbers coming from difference Provinces will necessarily depend on finances of each province and the commitments of Brothers in each Province. I favour too at least one priest from each Province at the Congress, and the presence also the General Councillor for Formation and members of his Department; and, of course, the Regional Superior. Opening up the Congress to representatives of branches of the Salesian Family could enhance the running of the Congress, but it could also result in it becoming unwieldy.

6. The timetable and logistical details of the Congress can well be left to the organizing committee. I favor a five day Congress.

5. AUL – Formation Delegate reflections on the Vocation of Salesian Brother

1. Familiarize people with the origins of religious life: a lay movement, generated by people who wanted to live their Christian commitment more fully. Only gradually took on clerical dimensions in the monasteries

2. Develop a theology of religious life centered on “who and what we are” rather thatn “what we do”. If the understanding is too “functional”, the question arises: Why become a brother, when I can do everything a brother does, but still remain “in the world” and “What is the field of work impossible to do/ proper to do for the Salesian Priest or Brother?”

3. We need to focus more directly on a spirituality of consecration as being at the heart of every form of religious life, lay or clerical, active or contemplative.

4. Therefore, rediscover religious life as a radical and prophetical living of the basic Christian values so as to be a “living sacrament” for the whole Church.

5. Translate the above into its specific Salesian dynamics. How do Salesians live and give expression to the Christian virtue of “poverty” – of “chastity” – of “obedience”? How does the day to day pattern of Salesian life give witness to the value of “communion” as the heart of the Christian vocation? In other words, build a theology of religious and Salesian life around the statement of the

Const.62: “In a world tempted by atheism and the idolatry of pleasures, possessions and power, our way of life bears witness, especially to the young, that God exists, that his love can fill a life completely, and that the need to love, the urge to possess and the freedom to control one’s whole existence, find their fullest meaning in Christ, the Saviour.”

6. When we “live and work together” and people see a “Salesian community” animating a work, the complementarity and mutuality or the lay and clerical dimensions of the Salesian vocation can be more easily seen. When people work individually, or without a cohesion as a group, this complementarity is not seen and not experienced.

7. The apostolic work we do, and the way we do it (=our Salesian spirit or life style) become the expression of the specifically “Salesian” dimension of our form of religious life: but we must see ourselves as standing in the long tradition of religious life in the Church. We should accentuate the commonalities with other forms of religious life more than the differences. For all our uniqueness as Salesians, fundamentally we are religious in the Church.

8. Continue to promote good models of the vocation of the Salesian Brother, such as Blessed Artemide Zatti, Br. Peter Dezzani (AUL), Br. Peter Swains translations of Italian Salesian Bulletin articles about Salesian Brother (from the 2002 until now) available on the Bosconet. From the reflection about our model Brothers we can find some common points for the specific of Salesian Brother (vocational discernment) and their spirituality.

9. Provide good theological training for present and prospective priests, to try to eradicate a “destructive clericalism” which would exalt the ordained priesthood to the detriment of other forms of Christian life.

10. At a practical level, have everyone in the community share domestic tasks: don't’ treat the priests as if they are “too important” to engage in menial work. Don't’ allow the priests to develop this attitude. The brothers are not the servants of the priests: we are all “servants of each other”.

11. In the Australian Province, the Pacific islander mentality so exalts the priesthood, that the vocation of the brother may be seen as “second best” or even inexplicable: this is a cultural problem, also present but less so in Australia itself.

12. In initial formation, we must insist that the brothers have an equally well developed and “demanding” formation as the clerical students. Becoming a brother must not be an “easy option”. There is a real need for better formation program and experiences after practical training (=specific formation).

13. Allow and encourage brothers to be involved in anything which does not require the Charism of ordination – and at the same time don't’ minimize the distinctions between the lay and clerical forms of our vocation, especially when it comes to the liturgical life of the community. Let priests be priests and brothers be brothers. [May 4, 2005]

6. CIN - Senior Salesian Brothers group contribution

1. Situazione – guardiamo agli ultimi dieci anni delle nostre Ispettorie:

Punti positivi

1. Avete abbastanza materiale sull’identità, formazione, storia e promozione vocazionale del salesiano coadiutore, anche con i modelli vissuti dei Coadiutori? (stampati, sul CD/DVD, riviste, sull’ Internet – per favore indicateci i titoli utili e anno della edizione) THE MATERIAL IS SUFFICIENT

2. Sei senti il bisogno di altri materiali, potresti verbalizzare la tua aspettativa? THERE IS NO NEED OF OTHER MATERIAL

3. Il Salesiano Coadiutore viene formato nel campo professionale, religioso, spirituale meglio di dieci anni fa? TEN YEARS OF FORMATION ARE SUFFICIENT FOR BROTHERS IN GENERAL

4. Senti il bisogno di Coadiutori preparati per il lavoro di formazione? (specializzazione?) OF COURSE THERE IS NEED OF SPECIAL FORMATION

5. Avete nell’Ispettoria il raduno annuale dei Coadiutori a livello Ispettoriale? (contenuti, frutti, regolarità, difficoltà incontrate) IF THERE WAS, NOTHING SPECIAL WAS DONE WITH IT

6. I Direttori e formatori capiscono bene la formazione del Coadiutore (formazione iniziale)? FOR THE TIME BEING THERE IS NO ONE RESPONSIBLE

7. I Coadiutori crescono in numeroi, in qualità – conoscenza d’identità, formazione, spiritualità’? FOR MANY YEARS NOW THERE HAS NOT BEEN ANY NUMERICAL INCREASE

8. Quale figura di Coadiutore potresti indicare come ‘modello’ per condividerlo come una ispirazione vocazionale con le altre Ispettorie? (articoli- Bollettino Salesiano, Necrologio, CD) THERE ARE SUCH MODELS, LIKE BRO. MARCO WONG WING SANG, BRO. JOHN YU SHEK TCHU, SIGNOR MARTINEZ

9. Ti trovi felice, soddisfatto nella tua vocazione dil Salesiano Coadiutore? Trovi qualche tema vitale che ti sta preoccupando al riguardo? WE ARE VERY SATISFIED WITH THE PRESENT STATE OF OUR VOCATION

Sfide

1.10 Specifiche sfide dell’ambiente esterno nel tuo paese? (esempio: la cultura – ambiente sociale o educativo, ecclesiale o familiare)

1.11 Specifiche sfide all’interno della Congregazione nella tua Ispettoria ? (es: mentalità nella Ispettoria che riguarda i Coadiutori, alcune esperienze sofferte – non ancora guarite del passato, impatto strutturale della nostra missione, la vita comunitaria ecc.)

1.12 Ci sono alcune domande riguardanti il Coadiutore, che restano sempre senza risposte ? (discernimento vocazionale? Identità? Missione? Relazioni tra sacerdoti–coadiutori?) Puoi verbalizzare queste domande?

2. Per fare una verifica della “Cura e promozione vocazionale del salesiano Coadiutore”, rispondendo alle seguenti domande (secondo gli Atti, 382 – Don Cereda)

1. Da voi sono conosciuti questi orientamenti? Tu trovi questi orientamenti pratici? NO SPECIAL INITIATIVES HAVE BEEN UNDERTAKEN TO PROMOTE THE VOCATIONS TO SALESIAN BROTHERHOOD

2. Come sono state accettate le 4 linee operative? VERY FEW PEOPLE KNOW THE IDENTITY OF BROTHERS AND THEIR PROBLEMS

1^st line of action: CONOSCENZA DELL’IDENTITA’ vocazionale

2^nd line of action: VISIBILITA’ della figura del Coadiutore

3^rd line of action: FORMAZIONE di qualità

4^th line of action: ANIMAZIONE vocazionale

(sarà ovvio, che queste strategie sono relazionate tra di loro: senza una conoscenza dell’identità propria non si può immaginare la promozione vocazionale; la visibilità dipende molto dalla buona formazione umana, religiosa e professionale ecc.)

3. Secondo te, qual è la più importante linea d’azione(1-4) ? UPGRADE THE PROFESSIONAL SPECIALIZATION

4. Qual è la resistenza principale, difficoltà che la vocazione del SC incontra? THERE IS A STRONG COUNTER-CULTURE IN SOCIETY

5. Ci sono alcuni risultati pratici dopo il Capitolo Ispettoriale del 2004? NO SPECIAL ARRANGEMENT HAS BEEN MADE, NO PROMOTION HAS BEEN MADE

6. Hai qualche altro suggerimento per la promozione e cura della vocazione SC? THERE IS NEED OF SOME SPECIAL WORK ARRANGEMENTS FOR BROTHERS

7. Hai qualche altro suggerimento per il programma della ‘formazione specifica’ del Salesiano Coadiutore (Allegato n.3)? THERE IS NEED OF SPECIAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE FORMATION OF BROTHERS

3. Per preparare il Seminar Asia Est-Oceania sulla Vocazione del Coadiutore con più frutti, quali suggerimenti concreti puoi offrire? (Congresso Regionale: 1986- Hua Hin, 1991- Batulao, 1995 - Cebu, 1999 - Melbourne)

1. Hai partecipato a qualche Congresso, con quale esperienza personale? THIS IS A VERY GOOD WAY OF GETTING ACQUAINTED WITH THE BROTHERS OF OTHER PROVINCES

2. Quale frutti hanno portato i Congressi Regionali dei Coadiutori nella tua Ispettoria? (positivi, negativi) NO SPECIAL FRUITS CAN BE SEEN

3. Che tipo di condivisione, collaborazione/ scambio regionale stai aspettando per una miglior promozione della vocazione del Salesiano Coadiutore? BROTHERS SHOULD BE TRAINED IN NON-CONVENTIONAL FORMS OF YOUTH EDUCATION

4. Hai qualche suggerimento concreto come migliorare il cammino verso il Seminar 2006? WE HAVE NO SPCIAL SUGGESTIONS

6. CIN - Formation Commission, Provincial Council

[THE ANSWERS HAVE BEEN DRAWN UP BY THE PROVINCIAL FORMATION DELEGATE FR. LANFRANCO M. FEDRIGOTTI WITH THE HELP OF SOME CONFRERES AND HAVE BEEN REVIEWED BY THE PROVINCIAL AND HIS COUNCIL]

1. Situation – looking on past 10 years in the Provinces, in the Region:

Achievements

1.1 Some basic useful material about the Salesian Brother: Translation, publishing of any useful material about the SB identity, formation, history, vocation promotion, living models of SB? (printed matter, CD, DVD, magazine, Internet – please give the title and year of production)

- The letter of Fr. Vecchi on Blessed Artemide Zatti (AGC 376) was translated in Chinese.

- The figure of Blessed Artemide Zatti was publicized in the Chinese Salesian Bulletin of 24-4-2002 and in a booklet on the three new blessed published by the Chinese Salesiana Publishers on April 2002.

- In 2003 the Vocation Office produced a DVD on the vocation of the brother, entitled: “Cultivation”, interviewing two Chinese brothers, Bro. John Tchen and Bro. John Baptist Chu, who are still very active, not only in Hong Kong, but also in their homeland in China. Bro. John Baptist Chu Sek-yan (71 years of age) belongs to the Salesian community of Tang King Po School, 16, Tin Kwong Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Bro. John Tchen (74 years of age) belongs to Salesian School, 16, Chai Wan Road, Shaukeiwan, Hong Kong.

1.2 Brothers prepared for the formation field? (list, field of specialization, involved now)

- Bro. John Wu, Principal of Ng Siu Mui Secondary School, specialized in psychology, is an active member of the Initial Formation Committee of the Provincial Formation Commission, personally in contact with some of the formandi.

- I know of no other Brother thus prepared.

- Also Salesian priests need special input to be able to appreciate the Brothers’ vocation and to be able to form them.

1.3 Annual meeting of Brothers on Provincial level? (frequency, content, fruits, difficulties)

About 20/30 years ago there was such an annual (or at least periodical) meeting. Then this practice was discontinued, seemingly because it did not produce tangible fruits. However, at present the brothers are among the most faithful participants in provincial events for all the confreres.

1.4 Initial or ongoing formation initiatives regarding the SB vocation? (seminar, study)

- A study of the figure of the Salesian Brother is inserted into the curriculum of the specific formation of brothers.

- The book “Salesian Brother” is on the reading list of the Salesianity syllabus of Salesian House of Studies, Shaukeiwan.

- I don’t know of any ongoing formation activity specifically planned for Brothers.

1.5 Growth of SB in numbers, in quality – identity, awareness, formation (statistics, motivations)?

In the last 20 years there have been 3 candidates for the Salesian Brotherhood:

- 1 is making his practical training and preparing for perpetual profession, desirous of more help from the Province in maturing specifically as a lay brother vocation;

- 1 left at the expiry of his first vows in order to become a diocesan priest, seemingly under pressure from his family;

- 1 left at the end of his first vows after the death of his mother who seemingly had pressed him into entering the Salesian Society.

Some of the Brothers professed long ago live exemplary Salesian lives; others show deep-rooted problems of vocational identity etc.

1.6 What figure of the ‘model SB’ can you share as a vocational inspiration with the other EAO Provinces? (SB already passed away – necrology; still living – Salesian Bulletin article, CD)

We have had heroic brothers who have suffered persecution for the faith:

- Bro. Jerome Wong Kat Kwong, after two dozen years in prison and concentration camps, heroically sacrificed his life to save a companion of work in danger of being killed by infuriated buffaloes (+ 1978?).

- Bro. Marco Wong was in prison and concentration camps for 37 years (1954-1991), emerging from this trial with a perfetta letizia francescana, pardon, salesiana (+ 2000). His death was commemorated on the Chinese Salesian Bulletin of 24-06-2000.

- Bro. John Yu Shek Tchu was also in prison for about 27 years (1954-1981); once liberated, he became the pilgrim Salesian taking care of confreres still in prison and of young Salesian vocations; when he died, his example was presented on the Chinese Salesian Bulletin of 24-2-2003 and on the Italian Salesian Bulletin of June 2004.

A living hero is Bro. Paolino Lin, the survivor also of 33 years in prison and concentration camps (1955-1988), still active in his little apartment in Shanghai as a friend and pastor of the children of the district.

Other Salesian Brothers of our province led saintly lives. Among those often mentioned are, for example, the Spanish Bro. Francesco Martinez (+ 1978) and the Chinese Bro. Mauritius Kwan Nim-cheung from Mauritius Island (+ 1976, Chinese Salesian Bulletin 24-04-2002).

Others are often remembered as exemplary Salesian Brothers, for example, the veteran Italian missionary Bro. Ottavio Fantini (+ 1990, Chinese Salesian Bulletin 24-12-1990; 24-02-1991), who arrived in China in 1912 and died 99 years old; the Chinese Anthony Ho Ping-sam (+ 1998, Chinese Salesian Bulletin 24-04-2002), who faced his terminal cancer with admirable faith, serenity, and courage; the Chinese computer-scientist Bro. Henry Hung Ling-yeung (+ 1998, Chinese Salesian Bulletin 24-1998), et alii.

Challenges

1.7 Specific outside challenges to the SB vocation in your Province (e.g.: culture – social or educative environment – Church environment – family environment)?

Culture: pagan families, that may have a high regard for priests and sisters (so visible in their religious attire), do not have an idea of what a male lay religious is, especially one that does not wear a religious habit; if they have an idea, they may tend to classify them with the traditional Chinese Buddhist monks, who are not necessarily regarded as high examples of human living.

Social-Educative Environment: even though the SB who are totally dedicated to educational-pastoral work in schools and parishes are highly appreciated by those closely acquainted with them, still they tend to be classed with all other teachers (i.e. as employees) by those who do not know them well.

Church environment: it is still common to hear in public forms of address the expression “Dear priests, dear sisters, dear faithful”, regularly omitting the mention of “dear brothers”; the presence of “brothers” studying for the priesthood obscures, regarding both language and content, the identity of lay brothers.

Family environment: even good Catholic families, that easily understand the priestly vocation and the vocation of religious sisters, have difficulty in appreciating the male lay religious vocation.

1.8 Specific internal challenges to the SB vocation in your Province (e.g.: provincial mentality regarding the brothers vocation, some not yet healed past experience, structural impact of our mission, community life, unfavorable mentality etc)?

Provincial mentality: some brothers in the past became brothers because they could not become priests as they desired; it is doubtful whether most Salesian priests really understand the Brothers’ lay vocation.

Structural impact of our mission: some brothers are of the opinion that the closing down of most technical and professional laboratories in the 80’s dealt a death-blow to the SB’s vocation, both regarding vocational recruitment and sense of identity for SB; faced by the transformation of society, instead of changing the form of professional education offered by brothers, we simply cut it off, taking the easy (but deadly) way out; so the problem lies in the fact that no other adequate form of work was offered to the Brothers so that they could efficaciously express their vocational identity; other, even important works were given them (e.g. post of principal, of economer, etc.), but without sufficient reflection on the vocational efficacy of these works for the sense of identity of the Brothers and for the attraction of new vocations to the Salesian Brotherhood; some works, more directly related to the Salesian mission (e.g. teaching catechism, leading catechumenate courses, assisting in parish pastoral work, etc.) were sometimes offered to the Brothers, but without always finding acceptance.

1.9 There are some unanswered‘ eternal’ questions regarding the Salesian Brother in your Province (discernment criteria? Identity? Mission?) Can you verbalize these questions?

It is not easy to see the deep truth of those famous words of Don Bosco: “There are some things which the priests cannot do, and so I need you brothers to do them”. Without a deep understanding of the lay religious vocation, people tend to ask: “What is it that a priest really cannot do”?

A question heard from time to time is this: “With the enormous need of good priests, why should I encourage a good young man to become a brother?”

The work done by a SB is part of his vocational identity: with the quick and vast changes that take place today in the world of work, is it not almost impossible to ensure the solidity of the vocational identity of SB? Will it not always be struggling to catch up with the changing social circumstances?

It seems that we cannot hope to attract many vocations to the Salesian Brotherhood if we continue the vocational policy applied in the past: 1) if you like to be a lay religious be a Salesian Brother (very few begin their vocational search with such a liking); 2) if you like to be a priest but you do not have the necessary qualifications then be a Salesian Brother (some will become Salesian Brothers, but dragging along a certain vocational dissatisfaction); 3) if you are aware of your limited capacities and still would like to be a religious then be a Salesian Brother (nowadays very few people are ready for the humble and self-sacrificing life this implies, a life lived so splendidly by so many saintly Salesian Brothers in the past). A renewed vocational promotion of the Salesian Brother should probably concentrate on a) and c) and avoid the pitfall of b).

2. To assess how the Guidelines “The care and promotion of the vocation of the Salesian Brother” (ACG 382, by Fr. Cereda - 2003) is helping our practical commitment – by responding to the following questions:

2.1 How was the Guideline (ACG 382 – 4 lines of action) communicated and studied in the Formation Commission? How were the four practical lines of action accepted by the formators?

Unfortunately, it was neither communicated nor studied. Being neither communicated nor studied, we cannot say anything about acceptance by the formators.

1^st line of action: AWARENESS of vocational identity

2^nd line of action: VISIBILITY of the person of Salesian Brother

3^rd line of action: HIGH QUALITY FORMATION (was the ‘specific formation’ understood)?

4^th line of action: WORK FOR VOCATION

(it is obvious that all of these strategies are inter-related: without deeper awareness about the vocational identity there is no vocation promotion; the capacity of a SB to manage more visible posts depends on his formation etc)

2. 2 Which is the principal resistance, difficulties of SB vocation met with?

The greatest difficulty is the disenchantment of some brothers, even among the best, regarding this form of vocation. They say it has no future. It is hopeless. Seemingly, they will encourage young people who desire to become priests, but they will not encourage young people to become brothers.

2.3 What results have been achieved after PC 04 till now?

Unfortunately, our PC 04 neglected this aspect of capitular work. Up to now, nothing has been done by the Provincial Formation Delegate Fr. Lanfranco M. Fedrigotti (to whom this job has been entrusted by the General Council) to make up for this lacuna. This questionnaire is the first attempt at a stock-taking of the situation.

2.4 Do we have one SB as an animator of Salesian Brothers in the Province? What is his role?

The Provincial Directory demands that there be such a brother. In the past there was. He was for many years also member of the Provincial Council. Now there is no brother in the Provincial Council and apparently there is no brother animator of SB. There has always been a brother, however, on the staff of the formation community of Salesian House of Studies, Shaukeiwan, normally as the economer of the community. This Brother is a member of the Provincial Initial Formation Committee. Another member of this Committee is Bro. John Wu mentioned in 1.2.

3. Practical questions regarding Salesian Brother vocation in your Province

3.1 Is the “Salesian Brother’ manual (SDB, Roma 1989 ‘golden book’) known (or translated), studied by the young Salesians, Formators, Provincial Seminars? Do you find this material helpful in your effort for ‘promotion and care about SB vocation?

The “Salesian Brother” is part of the required reading in the Salesianity curriculum of Salesian House of Studies, Shaukeiwan. Though it is a very good instrument, no other use of it is being made. About 15 years ago an attempt was made to have it translated into Chinese, but it failed. No new attempt has been made up to now. If no new edition is in the making, perhaps we are still in time to have it translated.

3.2 Do you feel a need of another useful material? (if yes: can you note the topic, content, issues?)

Making good use of “Salesian Brother” would be already good enough. Good biographies of outstanding SB would also be useful.

3.3 Do you find the vocational discernment regarding Salesian Priest/ Brothers vocation in your Province well (see the attachment n.2: “Vocational discernment identity and signs of a specific vocation”) working? Do you have any difficulties or some issues to be clarified?

Formators have been careful to respect the lay vocation of prenovices, novices, and postnovices, but little positive specific imput has been given in support of their lay Salesian vocation.

3.4 Do you find the Provincial Formation plan – section Salesian Brother – well done and practical enough for the care of SB vocations?

We have not yet a Provincial Formation Plan. We have only a Provincial Directory. If, however, the few directives in the Provincial Directory were put into practice, we would be better off.

3.5 Did you reflect on the motivations of vocational losses of Salesian Brother in your Province? What would be the most common motivation for the SB to leave the Salesian vocation?

We had just one case in these 15 years. Apparently, it was the mother that had the Salesian vocation, rather than the son. After the death of his mother, at the expiry of his temporary vows he left. He is now married.

3.6 What kind of help do you need to implement in your Province the ‘specific formation’ for the Salesian Brothers?

We have only one brother for specific formation. We hope that he may join specific formation set-ups in India or the Philippines.

3.7 Are you interested in the possible future project of the SB specific formation program in Manila, Paranque (FIN) or would you consider another practical solution for this formation stage of SB?

We are interested, as we are interested in the programme being offered in Shillong.

6. CIN – personal contribution of Salesian Brother

1. Situazione – guardiamo agli ultimi dieci anni delle nostre Ispettorie:

Punti positivi

10. Avete abbastanza materiale sull’identità, formazione, storia e promozione vocazionale del salesiano coadiutore, anche con i modelli vissuti dei Coadiutori? (stampati, sul CD/DVD, riviste, sull’ Internet – per favore indicateci i titoli utili e anno della edizione) SI

11. Sei senti il bisogno di altri materiali, potresti verbalizzare la tua aspettativa? SI

12. Il Salesiano Coadiutore viene formato nel campo professionale, religioso, spirituale meglio di dieci anni fa? NO

13. Senti il bisogno di Coadiutori preparati per il lavoro di formazione? (specializzazione?) SI

14. Avete nell’Ispettoria il raduno annuale dei Coadiutori a livello Ispettoriale? (contenuti, frutti, regolarità, difficoltà incontrate) NO

15. I Direttori e formatori capiscono bene la formazione del Coadiutore (formazione iniziale)? NON CREDO

16. I Coadiutori crescono in numeroi, in qualità – conoscenza d’identità, formazione, spiritualità’? SI

17. Quale figura di Coadiutore potresti indicare come ‘modello’ per condividerlo come una ispirazione vocazionale con le altre Ispettorie? (articoli- Bollettino Salesiano, Necrologio, CD) SI

18. Ti trovi felice, soddisfatto nella tua vocazione dil Salesiano Coadiutore? Trovi qualche tema vitale che ti sta preoccupando al riguardo? LA VITA CONSACRATA

Sfide

1.10 Specifiche sfide dell’ambiente esterno nel tuo paese? (esempio: la cultura – ambiente sociale o educativo, ecclesiale o familiare) L’AMBIENTE SOCIALE ED EDUCATIVO

1.11 Specifiche sfide all’interno della Congregazione nella tua Ispettoria ? (es: mentalità nella Ispettoria che riguarda i Coadiutori, alcune esperienze sofferte – non ancora guarite del passato, impatto strutturale della nostra missione, la vita comunitaria ecc.) LA MENTALITA’ CHE RIGUARDA I COADIUTORI

1.12 Ci sono alcune domande riguardanti il Coadiutore, che restano sempre senza risposte ? (discernimento vocazionale? Identità? Missione? Relazioni tra sacerdoti–coadiutori?) Puoi verbalizzare queste domande? IL DISCERNIMENTO VOCAZIONALE

2. Per fare una verifica della “Cura e promozione vocazionale del salesiano Coadiutore”, rispondendo alle seguenti domande (secondo gli Atti, 382 – Don Cereda)

3. Da voi sono conosciuti questi orientamenti? Tu trovi questi orientamenti pratici? SI

4. Come sono state accettate le 4 linee operative? LA PRIMA LINEA

1^st line of action: CONOSCENZA DELL’IDENTITA’ vocazionale

3. Secondo te, qual è la più importante linea d’azione(1-4) ? LA PRIMA LINEA

4. Qual è la resistenza principale, difficoltà che la vocazione del SC incontra? LA IDENTITA’

5. Ci sono alcuni risultati pratici dopo il Capitolo Ispettoriale del 2004? POCHI

6. Hai qualche altro suggerimento per la promozione e cura della vocazione SC? DIREZIONE

7. Hai qualche altro suggerimento per il programma della ‘formazione specifica’ del Salesiano Coadiutore (Allegato n.3)? SI

3. Per preparare il Seminar Asia Est-Oceania sulla Vocazione del Coadiutore con più frutti, quali suggerimenti concreti puoi offrire? (Congresso Regionale: 1986- Hua Hin, 1991- Batulao, 1995 - Cebu, 1999 - Melbourne)

5. Hai partecipato a qualche Congresso, con quale esperienza personale? SI, PER ESEMPIO LA CONOSCENZA DELL’IDENTITA’ VOCAZIONALE

6. Quale frutti hanno portato i Congressi Regionali dei Coadiutori nella tua Ispettoria? (positivi, negativi) POSITIVI

7. Che tipo di condivisione, collaborazione/ scambio regionale stai aspettando per una miglior promozione della vocazione del Salesiano Coadiutore? CONGRESSO

8. Hai qualche suggerimento concreto come migliorare il cammino verso il Seminar 2006? FEDELTA’ ALLA PROMOZIONE VOCAZIONALE

6. CIN- personal contribution of a Salesian Brother (temporary professed)

1. Situation

   1. Materials is not enough (We have only golden book, ACG 376 in Chinese and ACG guidelines in English)

   2. If possible, I expect more materials (VCD) about Salesian Brother from the other EAO provinces or other areas (Europe, India). Moreover I expect to hold brothers encounter regularly

   3. I don’t think SB is prepared better than 10 years ago! It seems to care more about external works, but forgetting own identity as religious in the Church. Especially the elderly SB didn’t have a better ongoing formation in deeper spirituality.

   4. Yes, we need brothers prepared as formators, not caring so much about the working capability, as about deeper prayer.

   5. There is no annual encounter of Salesian Brothers, we feel it much.

   6. Rectors and formators usually don’t really understand the difficulties faced by Salesian Brothers.

   7. Growth of SB is difficult to see (in numbers, in formation or identity awareness)

   8. Not much to share about model Salesian Brothers with other provinces

   9. I’m very happy in my vocation, most present among our students, not quit well in the community. There is something we should improve in me, in the community

10. Outside challenges to the SB vocation in external environment?

There is challenge in Chinese cultural tradition as well in Church environment – the figure of the priest is visible, that of brother is almost invisible.

11. Internal challenges to the SB vocation in provincial community?

There is neglected formation of Salesian Brother at the provincial level. Generally, even our confreres and parents recommend to the youth more priesthood than Brothers vocation. Elderly Salesian Brothers unfortunately included. Seems they have some anguish in their mind. That makes them not active in the vocational promotion.

We lack also ongoing formation for brothers, especially regarding spirituality. In the past, due to the changes in the society, the professional section of our schools was closed down, but at the provincial level there is was not further plan about consider the role of Salesian Brother in this new situation. Until now the Province didn’t provide any helpful formation activity. Moreover the priesthood is very strong in our province.

12. Some unanswered ‘eternal questions’?

The discernment criteria based mostly on academic performance. Furthermore, the presentation, exposure of the Salesian Brother and Salesian Priest vocation to the youth is not done together in an active way.

2. To assess how the Guidelines (ACG 382 – Fr. Cereda) are being put in practice

2.1 Yes, I have the guidelines and find it practical.

2.2 How were the guidelines accepted by the Salesian Brothers?

- 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd line of action were not yet accepted

- 4^th line of action regarding vocation promotion is improving

2.3 The most important is the 1^st strategy about ‘identity awareness’!

2.4 The principal resistance is about the identity awareness. If someone doesn’t think his identity, who is the Salesian Brother!

2.5 After PC 2004 so far no results in our Province

2.6 Suggestions for the care and promotion of Salesian Brother – we want to check the formation and animation, not just regarding the Salesian Brothers. Also Salesian Family does need to be involved. We want to believe in God and continue our prayers for this vocation.

2.7 Specific vocation suggestion – Salesian Brother is a religious, consecrated person, therefore he has to become a man of prayer. We need formation focused on prayer.

3. Seminar preparation

3.3. It’s not enough to held many Congresses for the Salesian Brother, we need the continuous work of Salesian Brother.

3.4 We try to have a workshop before the Seminar, but it’s not easy to involve the elderly Salesian Brother.

6. EAO – Regional meeting of Formation Delegates (Jakarta, 2003)

Workshop: ‘The Promotion and Care of the Salesian Brother Vocation’ (AGC 382)

Question: As Provincial Delegates on Formation

• What are the challenges we encounter in the promotion and care of the SB vocation?

• What strategies we can take to respond to these challenges?

1. CHALLENGES

   1. CULTURAL CHALLENGES

• lack of knowledge of the Salesian Brother, even of the male religious

• language problem: the title used for a lay brother and cleric is the same

2. AWARENESS CHALLENGES

• unconsciously or consciously, we present only the figure of the Salesian priests to aspirants and pre-novices

• we have difficulty to present clearly who is the Salesian Brother

3. SALESIAN BROTHERS CHALLENGES

• they do not present themselves as role models that is attractive

• some SB do not have expertise or special ability that will make them known or respected in front of the lay collaborators / Salesian family / the youth

• they need to present themselves, even externally, that they are of prominence, with dignity, and good role models

2. STRATEGIES

   1. Establish a community with a good number of SB to create an impact in promoting the SB vocation among the young

   2. Deepen & intensify the formation, in both initial and ongoing, of the SB

   3. Propose the presence of SB in the local/ provincial and even General Council

   4. Assist the SB, to mentalize them, to present themselves with prominence, dignity, even in their external appearance, and the competence they have in their work with the young in the community

   5. Involve the brother in vocation teams and in vocation promotion activities (talks, camps/ gatherings/ production of materials)

   6. Prepare SB to be involve in the formation communities, especially aspirancy, pre-novitiate and novitiate

   7. Study the possibility for a separate aspirantate for the Brothers

   8. Promote the yearly gatherings of SB in the Province for updating, motivating and renewal

   9. Follow the Salesian Brothers, who will have a direct and attractive contact with the youth

11. EAO – Provincials meeting – Kawasaki (Japan) 1980 March 16-20

Present: Regional Councilor – Asia Region, Provincials’: CIN, FIL, GIA, KOR, THA

Excerpt from the minutes:

n.2 SALESIAN BROTHERS VOCATION REFLECTION

General elements about the situation of Salesian Brothers

• too little is done for the vocation promotion of SB, especially the SB themselves should be more active in vocation promotion – recruiting

• families in the East do not understand what a Brother-vocation is

• the authenticity of the SB vocation hat to be stressed

• the problem of priest-brother relationship does not really exist

• in the FIL, THA Province special Aspirantates for SB aspirants are opened

• technical progress in our countries poses problems as far as the need of skilled confreres is concerned, also about the orientation of our works

• on the question whether we would need do organize some (event) on the regional level for SB – formation, it was decided that mainly because of language problem no special program will be made

12. FIN – Group of Salesian Brothers

Achievements

1.1. Regarding materials about the Salesian Brother:

The Salesian Brother, vocation promotion leaflet (published 1989) not anymore printed, prepared by DBCS Salesian Brothers of 1989-1990

Salesian Brother: In Focus (January 1990), 22 pages, author: DBCS Salesian Brothers of 1989-1990, publisher: Don Bosco Press, Inc., not anymore printed. The pamphlet presents to the Filipino youth the identity of the Salesian Brother.

A Brother to Asians, Salesian Missionary for 64 years (2001), 64 pages, author: Bro. Joseph Kramar, SDB, publisher: Don Bosco Press, Inc., not anymore printed. The autobiography of Brother Kramar is part of the living testimonies series toward a celebration of the golden jubilee of the SDB’s in the Philippines.

Brothers prepared for the formation field? (list, field of specialization, involved now in formation)

Brother Raymond Callo, SDB – Specialization: Formative Spirituality, Masters Candidate Pastoral Ministry, currently delegate for Salesian Brothers (Commission on Formation), delegate also for Vocation Animations of the Province, spiritual direction and Ignatian retreat giving, Formator: Theologate, Seminaryo ng Don Bosco, Paranaque

Brother George Celis, SDB – Specialization: B.S. Education, took up modular courses in the US on spirituality and sexuality. Formator/Economer: Post Novitiate, Don Bosco College, Laguna

Brother Napoleon Carmelo Martinez, SDB – Specialization: Psychology. Formator/Practical Trainee: Pre-Novitiate, Don Bosco College, Laguna

Brothers specialization field? (list, field of specialization – degree, working now in that field?)

(n.b. DB stands for Don Bosco)

Bro. Caraos, Eric – B.S. Technical Education, Practical Trainee, DB Youth and Training Center, Tondo

Bro. Umandal, Efren – M.A. Eudcational Management, Technical Director, DB Training Center, Mabalacat

Bro. Caspellan, Antonio – M.A. Counseling, Youth Minister, Pugad Drop in and Migrant Youth Center, Makati

Bro. Parolin, Luigi – Technical Education, Technical Director, DB Agro-Technical Training Center,Legaspi

Bro. Dela Cruz, Joselito – B.S. Technical Education, Technical Director, DB Agro-Technology Training Center, San Jose

Bro. Aguila, Nicolas – B.S. Education, Youth Center Director, DB Tarlac

Bro. Fontanilla, Bernard – Retired, DB Tabor

Bro. Nardin, Lorenzo – Retired, DB Tabor

Bro. Dela Cruz, Ramon – B.S. Education, Provincial Services, DB Provincial House

Bro. Narvaez, Roberto – B.S. Education, Provincial Service, DB Provincial House

Bro. Tran Ba Hiep Michael – (VIE Province) Practical Trainee, DB Makati

Bro. Enriquez, Henry – B.S. Technical Education, Sabbatical Leave, DB Makati

Bro. Rodriguez, Elmer – B.S. Technical Education, Technical Director, Technical Training Department, DB Makati

Bro. Ferrer, Jose Maria – B.S. Technical Training & Management, Economer/Provincial Councilor/Technical Director –CRT, DB Manda

Bro. Nguyen Hoang Phi Peter – (VIE Province) student taking Engineering, DB Manda

Bro. Pham Hung Cuong Joseph – (VIE Province) student taking Engineering, DB Manda

Bro. Le Min Luan Paul – (VIE Province) student taking M.A. Educational Management, DB Manda

Bro. Fontanilla, Manuel – B.S. Education, Farm Manager, DB Canlubang Pre Nov

Bro. Naime, Simon – B.S. Religious Education, student, DB Canlubang Pre Nov

Bro. Martinez, Carmelo – Psychology, Practical Trainee/Formator, DB Canlubang Pre Nov

Bro. Celis, George – B.S. Education, Economer/Formator, DB Canlubang Post Nov

Bro. Domasian, Louie – B.S. Education, post novice, DB Canlubang Post Nov

Bro. Callo, Raymond – B.S. Agriculture, Masters Candidate Pastoral Ministry, Delegate for SB (COF), Delegate for Vocations Animation (CYM), Formator, DB Seminaryo

Bro. Cresencio, Sylvestre – M.A. Electrical Engineering, biennium, DB Seminaryo

Bro. Nguyen Duc Nam, Dominic – (VIE Province) B.S. Education, biennium, DB Seminaryo

Bro. Hyeon, Peter Kyung Soo – (KOR Province) Social Work, ongoing formation, DB Seminaryo

Bro. Baik, Benedict Joon Shik – (KOR Province) M.A. Counseling, ongoing formation, DB Seminaryo

Bro. Kim, Thomas Jin – (KOR Province) M.A. Education, ongoing formation, DB Seminaryo

Bro. Seo, Daniel Byeong Ki - (KOR Province) Social Work, ongoing formation, DB Seminaryo

Bro. Tran, Peter Quang – (VIE Province) n.a. practical trainee, DB Seminaryo

Bro. Garcia, Jesus – B.S. Technical Education, Economer, DB Boroko

Bro. Legaspi, Alfer – B.S. Technical Education, student, DB Savio Haus

Annual meeting of Brothers on Provincial level? (frequency, content, fruits, difficulties)

From 1995 to 2000, there has been an annual meeting of all Salesian Brothers at the Provincial Level. However from 2001-2004 there was no annual meeting or encounter of Salesian Brothers. The content of the meetings have varied depending on the need, usually it is a means of ongoing formation and encounter among the brothers. The fruits of the encounter/meeting to sum up a few are:

Greater camaraderie among the brothers

Appreciation of the work done by each one

Deepening of one’s vocation

Assigning of SB’s as formation guides at all stages of formation

The difficulties experienced are:

Lack of interest of the brothers for their own ongoing formation

Lack of interest to attend the annual meetings

Follow up by the delegate for the brothers

This year 2005, there has been the following initiatives at the provincial level, namely:

Quarterly formation and meeting of Salesian Brothers at the Provincial Level

Every two months encounter with post novices and pre-novices with the brothers

Semi-annual encounter with the FIN novices (living in the FIS province) by the FIN SB delegate

Special Provincial Assembly to discuss the ACG 382

On going formation talk at the Don Bosco Center of Studies

Attendance at conventions of the National Association of Religious Brothers in the Philippines

Initial or ongoing formation initiatives regarding SB vocation? (seminar, study)

Already mentioned above

Growth of SB: in numbers, in quality – identity, awareness, formation (statistics, motivations)?

There is a need to create an awareness of the brothers toward ongoing formation specifically:

Updating in their field of specialization

Deepening of the vocation of the SB, consecration and mission

Need to stop doing their work and go for rest (rest that is creative and nurturing) as against work that becomes addictive or unhealthy

Second, there has been a steady increase in vocations – at least one every year and very rare drop outs.

What figure of the ‘model SB’ can you share as a vocational inspiration with the other EAO Provinces? (already passed away – necrology; still living – Salesian Bulletin article, CD, etc.)

Already mentioned: Brother Kramar’s autobiography

Vocation Story of Salesian Brothers are published in the internet, www.sdb.ph

Fr. Remo Bati, SDB is compiling a book about the Salesian Pioneers, we hope to get some inspiration about the Salesian Brother pioneers. We are still waiting for its publication.

Challenges

Specific outside challenges to the SB vocation in your Province (e.g. culture – social and educative environment – Church environment – family environment)?

There are no cultural, social or educative biases against the Salesian Brother. As a matter of fact, people who come to know about the Salesian brother appreciate very much the uniqueness of the vocation and importance of his mission. However, the difficulty comes from a clerical mentality that pervades the cultural, social and educative spheres. Clerical mentality in the sense that to be called a brother means that it is a step toward becoming a priest and not a state of life. Second, there are priests and religious nuns (them too!) who do not even know who is a religious brother or does not even promote it as state of life or a form of religious life. In worse cases, one who is interested to become a religious brother is even discouraged from pursuing one’s vocation because of ‘pastoral need’ or plain ‘ignorance’. Third there is a mentality that consecrated persons are only priests and nuns. Hence, to be a brother means one can get married.

Specific internal challenges to the SB vocation in your Province (e.g.: provincial mentality regarding the brothers vocation, some not yet healed past experience, structural impact of our mission, community life, unfavorable mentality, etc.)?

In the province, there is a high regard for the Salesian brothers and their vocation. The Salesian brothers are doing wonderful work!, both in the mission and in working as a team with their brother priests.

Strategic directions have greatly assisted in this mentality, namely:

As much as possible, there is a Salesian brother present in every house to present the charismatic identity of our being Salesian.

Second, the presence of Salesian brothers as formation guides at all stages of formation

Assigning of a Salesian Brother as Vocation Animation Delegate

Assigning of a Salesian Brother as Delegate in the Commission on Formation

Third, the focus given by this General Superior Council to the Salesian Brother Care and Promotion

Challenges:

There are rectors who have only a superficial understanding of the vocational identity of the Salesian Brother.

There are Salesian Brothers who do not propose their vocational choice to the young.

Salesian Brothers’ apostolate has been limited to the shops. Very few are into animation, formation or pastoral work.

With GC 24 emphasizing the need for sharing of the mission with our lay partners, traditional roles taken up by the Salesian brothers have been given to them. Some brothers sees this as a threat to their own relevance. This is true since other alternative forms of doing mission have been closed to them.

Formation of the Salesian Family has been relegated to the priests. Very rarely is a brother invited. Hence, even among the members of the Salesian Family there is a pervading clerical mentality which is borne out of ‘ignorance’ or ‘lack of appreciation’ of this vocation.

Candidates for Salesian Brothers need to have a bachelor’s degree. This is a mentality present in the province which limits the call to this kind of life only those who pass this criteria. What about those who have a non-formal education, like our graduates in the vocational or technical courses? The criteria seem to be biased toward our apostolate in education and toward a certain status one need to maintain in order to be able to live in community.

That for a Salesian Brother to continuously study his Identity and Mission is due to the fact that he does not understand his own identity or mission. This is a reality pervading with some priests and brothers (also!). Wherein the proper mentality is one continuously studies one’s identity and mission in order to appreciate and deepen, and to make it responsive or relevant to the present situation.

There are some un-answered ‘eternal’ questions regarding the Salesian Brother in your province (discernment criteria? Identity? Mission?) Can you verbalize these questions?

Already mentioned above

To assess how the Guidelines “The care and promotion of the vocation of the Salesian Brother” (ACG 382, by Fr. Cereda – 2003) is helping our practical commitment – by responding to the following questions:

How has the Guideline (ACG 382 – 4 lines) communicated and studied?

The Guidelines have been studied at the Commission on Formation levels. It was studied by the brothers (clerics and SB’s) in initial formation. And it was concretely tackled during a special provincial assembly. However, it seems not everybody is aware of these guidelines even among some Salesian Brothers.

How were the four practical lines of action accepted by the confreres?

The four practical lines of action were welcomed by the confreres with great enthusiasm. It became the criteria for drafting the provincial directives and lines of action for the province.

There is a need to make that enthusiasm felt by all thru the implementation of the lines of action.

2.3 Which is the more important line of action (1-4) adopted by your PC 04?

Each line of action was tackled by the Special Provincial Assembly. A fifth one was added, namely: praying for vocations thru the intercession of Blessed Artemides Zatti.

2.5 Which is the principal resistance, difficulties of SB vocation met with?

At this stage, resistances and difficulties are being addressed. If there will be any difficulty in the future, it will be in the implementation of the lines of action, monitoring and compliance.

2.6 What results have been achieved after PC 04 till now?

So far, all of the objectives have been satisfactorily achieved.

3. To prepare more fruitful East Asia – Oceania ‘Seminar on Brothers Vocation Care and Promotion’, what concrete suggestions do you have after the past experience? (Regional Congress: 1986; Hua Hin, 1991 – Batulao, 1995 – Cebu, 1999 – Melbourne)

3.1 What kind of regional teamwork/exchange/sharing of experience do you expect in order to promote and better care for the vocation of the SB?

I suggest that there be more collaboration in these areas:

That the team who will move around to give ongoing formation include a Salesian Brother.

There are a good number of Salesian Brothers from Vietnam and Korea who are in the Philippines for ongoing formation. This could be an area of collaboration for the other provinces in terms of sending Salesian Brothers to do their ongoing formation here and to send Salesian Brothers as formation guides.

The Biennium – 2 year specific formation of the Salesian Brothers could also be an area of collaboration for the provinces. The Seminaryo is offering this service already.

That the Regional Congress be continued. This is very important for the Salesian Brothers to have a venue in the region for exchange of ideas, have common ongoing formation and greater collaboration.

3.2 What is the fruit/impact of the past SB Congresses in EAO region in your Province (positive, negative)

Positive/Negative:

There were many lines of actions and resolutions from the past congresses but very few were implemented. The implementation of the resolutions depended on the initiative of each province. Furthermore, some resolutions were not doable.

The SB Congresses in the EAO region became a venue for exchange of ideas, common ongoing formation, greater collaboration among provinces (FIN-FIS-KOR-VIE). However, the SB Congress did not map out directions in the near future with regard to development of the SB identity, formation and mission. It would have assisted the provinces if this were so.

3.3 Do you have any suggestion how to improve preparation process?

Let each province come up with concrete contribution(s) for the EAO Region with regard to the care and promotion of the Salesian Brother. Second, let the working paper be given beforehand to the participants in order that there be a thorough preparation. Third, let the working paper be patterned after the AGC 382. AGC 382 could be a criteria for setting directions in the future.

3.4 Would you suggest the time (between July – November 2006)?

Anytime is welcome.

3.5 Would you suggest the venue (or volunteer for the venue in your Province)?

The FIN Province is willing to be the venue for the Congress.

13. FIN – personal contribution of Salesian Brother

1. Situation-looking on past 10 years in the Provincies, in the Region:

Achievements

1.1 None yet so far.

1.2 Field of specialization is counseling especially adolescents and youth. Degree is Master of Arts in Pastoral Ministry, Major in Family Ministry and Counseling, Ateneo de Manila University. This course has helped me a lot in counseling street children and migrant youth.

1.3 Not very frequent. Fruits are helpful encounters and sharing of life. Difficulties come in terms of schedules.

1.4 There are initial and ongoing formation initiatives but wish there should be more.

1.5 There is a growth in quality. Recently professed Salesian Brother is a master's degree holder and prefers to be a lay brother even when qualified to be a cleric. Some clerics changed to Salesian Brother vocation. Growth is quite encouraging. Let's hope and pray that Blessed Artimide Zatti does his part in raising more Salesian Brother vocations.

1.6 I can share the model of a Counselor with empathy and compassion for the youth as tops in his mind.

2. Challenges

1.7 Specific outside challenges. The SB vocation is still not well known by most Filipino families who prefer their sons to be priests. There is a felt need to emphasize again and again the two vocations in the Salesian congregation. Formators should encourage SB vocations in the initial stage and not discourage intelligent and capable applicants when they elect to be brothers. The Filipino mentality of "Brother lang siya" ( a brother only) mentality should be erased.

1.8 The internal challenges come in some priests who still can't accept that there are qualified applicants and better than clerics who want to aspire for the brother vocation. Any aspiration for the brother vocation is nipped in the bud by encouraging him to become a cleric, instead.

Unless this wrong perception is erased, there will be lesser brother vocations. SB vocations should be encouraged and appreciated from the initial formation.

1.9 What I have verbalized is the perception most brothers have voiced regarding 1.8

2.1 ACG 382 was brought about during a vocation formation seminar exclusively of the Salesian Brother.

2.2 This was done through a sharing of each brother's perception and analysis of the four and how that affects the brother's life.

2.3 I think it's the visibility of the person of the Salesian Brother. This was seen in the Provincial's move to see to it that there is at least a Salesian Brother in every presence whenever that is possible. Too, the qualification scheme was undertaken in allowing brothers to study and specialize in their field of choice not anymore confining them to just technical studies or training.

2.5 Maybe one difficulty is how to make the Salesian Brother attractive to any applicant.

3.1 Having a brothers' congress is helpful for exchange of experiences and religious life reflections. Probaby having a brothers' directory in booklet form not only on loose paper, containing each brother's work and qualification, could lead to a better appreciation of the SB's vocation.

3.2 It cannot be but positive especially if it's well organized and executed.

3.3 There should really be a collation of the different feedbacks of what the Salesian Brother wants in his life and how he can successfully promote his vocation.

3.4 That won't be a problem for me.

3.5 South Korea hasn't hosted it yet. Maybe we can go there this time.

14. FIN – personal contribution of Salesian Brother (attended 1999 Congress)

1. The teamwork would of course be a unified/standardized formation plan for the SB – from the Post-novitiate till perpetual profession. Though it is a fact that SB are getting less in numbers, the idea of having a community of lay brothers within the EAO (like that of India) would support this idea instead of having each province doing its own for a few SB (sharing of resources and formators).

Care for vocations in the on-going formation. I guess updating of our identity and our significance in the lay field of work. The priests have undergone changes, They have somehow assumed secular works aside from ministry. The lay people have shared in the Church’s ministry. The SB’s have lain in the limbo. This I think is one of the factors which brought our decline. We have nothing new to offer the young. There is no challenge and appeal.

I always had this idea at the back of my mind of the SB of being like that of the Jesuits. Not in their charism or lifestyle but in their outlook towards professionalism. They have clear programs for the individual Jesuits (sort of career path) and support them until they become “masters” in their own field. The SB’s could be some sort of like that – that they know their trade. Professionalism is the key of the SB identity. Of course without sacrificing the vows, community life and mission. And all these within the perspective of holiness and sanctifying their field of competence. It is the idea of having the SB having a niche in the field of technology, humanities and sciences.

To promote SB vocation, lets learn from marketing strategists. The products (“We”) should speak for themselves and about themselves. Aggressive propaganda should also be taken into consideration baked up by a deluge of prayers and sacrifices.

2. The SB congress to be maximized should be re-echoed not only to the SB back in their provinces but to all the SDB in the communities. Rector’s should be involved in this too. I remember hearing from other SDB that these congresses are junkets. They will be if there will be no concrete plans after the congress. It will be the Provincial, the rectors and some SB to draw up concrete proposals.

Maybe it’s time to think OUT OF THE BOX. Don Bosco created the idea of the SB out of the box, during his time. People with vision should help us all out to formulate this. Actually the possibilities for the SB are boundless. They working as professors even in other universities; they working even in the development of science. They be present in areas of influence – not just to limit them within the confines of our institutions. Of course there are dangers and of course these might be considered “heretical”. But hey, Don Bosco was considered once too!

3. There should be pre-congress that would involve all SB in the provinces (since not all could attend the EAO congress). The topics should be relevant.

15. FIN : PNG-SI Delegation Confreres sharing collated together

The confreres read the Questionnaire and answered three main subjects:

• Main Causes of Salesian Brother’s crisis

• Mention the main elements of Salesian Brother’s vocation

• Suggestions on strategies of Salesian Brother’s Voc. Promotion

1. Main causes of Salesian Brother’s crisis:

   • In PNG the crisis is not yet evident

   • Main cause in future could be to consider LB vocation as one of second category. Certainly this is already present in other areas of the world

   • “ There are things that the priest cannot do”: this definition of Don Bosco must be adequately interpreted, as it sounds it seems suggesting a second category vocation, only a functional vocation .

   • The increasing involvement of lay people in our works did not help to understand the real LB vocation and identity

   • In some places now priests and lay people are doing what the LB were doing before the Vatican II Council, hence there is a crisis of identity.

   • A greater involvement in secular affairs, may represent a spiritual and moral danger for a LB.

   • Vocation Promotion is almost exclusively concentrated in view of vocations for priesthood.

   • The growing secularism in society certainly is not helping consecrated lay vocation.

   • There is certain weakness in salesian communities in understanding vocation of LB.

   • Salesian works are not very oriented towards the poor.

   • There is lack of LB models to imitate.

2. Mention the main elements of Salesian Brother’s Vocation:

• Most of the answers of the confreres stressed that LB vocation is fully a consecrated and personal vocation of apostolic style

• LB is a fully pledged salesian according to the charism of Don Bosco.

• LB are religious totally dedicated to the Kingdom of God.

• LB are consecrated in the church for the salvation of youth

• Their consecration is a consecration in secular environment

• They must give witness of salesian life in oratories, technical schools and other secular settings of our society

• They should manifest salesian optimism to the youth, since they are closer to them

• They represent an essential dimension of salesian society, complementary to the priestly dimension.

3. Suggestions on strategies of Salesian Brother’s Vocation Promotion

• Presentation of biographies of holy salesian Brothers

• Invitation of LB to formation houses for meetings and conferences

• LB should be represented in Vocation Promotion Commission

• LB should be represented equally in communities, as far as possible

• Vocation Promotion should be addressed especially to young workers

• Intense prayer for LB vocations

• Aggressive and consistent vocation promotion on LB

• Use of Social Communication for LB Promotion

• Promotion of LB gatherings.

16. FIN – PNG/SI – personal contribution by Salesian Brother

1. MAIN CAUSES of LAY BROTHERS’ CRISIS

• The saying “There are things that the priest cannot do…” does not seen true anymore. Vocation is seen as a function (What can he do?)

• Greater involvement of Lay people in our schools

• The combination of the above 2 points: the entry of the priests and of the Lay people in tasks previously done by the brothers have often brought a VOCATIONAL IDENTITY CRISIS.

• If moral formation is not strong, the regular involvement in secular affairs presents a CLEAR DANGER to the LAY BROTHERS’ VOCATION.

2. MENTION 2 MAIN ELEMENTS of SB VOCATION

• We are RELIGIOUS – totally for the kingdom (vows)

• We are LAY – Dealing with secular affairs (as lay people) but do so in the name of the Church and the Congregation. Some apostolates are more suitable to the brother than to the priest. “The brother works for the Kingdom by working for the earth”

• The congregation as a whole does both: EVANGELIZING (more proper for the priests) and HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (more proper for the lay brothers)

• Being LAY determines how the Salesian Brother WORKS

• Being RELIGIOUS determines how the Salesian Brother LIVES

3. STRATEGIES for BROTHERS’ PROMOTION

• Since CLONING is not allowed. I would propose STRONG VOCATION CAMPAIGN among us: CONVERT MANY OF OUR CLERICS.

• Why so we want so many priests if for most of them the priestly ministry will just be a part-time job?...Their full time job will be principals, administrators…

• FORMATION: We need good and competent brothers.

  • GOOD: Strong moral formation

  • COMPETENT: High professional formation is very much needed in today’s world.

• VISIBILITY: I still don’t know the reason why we don’t have brothers in the General Council for example. Is this an exclusive club? Is this also a consequence of the Juridicial Inequality?

• THE PRACTICE OF ART AS: Is the LAY SALESIAN ABSOLUTELY ESSENTIAL in the CONGREGATION?

If the answer is YES, we should be serious about its implementation.

17. FIS – Formation Delegate (=Salesian Brother) contribution

1 – The challenge of the religious brother vocation is the broader context of the crisis of the salesian brother vocation. This is brought about by the following:

1.1 The growing awareness sense of vocation among the lay faithful;

The increasing number of committed lay faithful who are fully living their specific vocation is challenging the significance of the religious brother in the Church - in catholic organizations or communities. While it is good news to the Church, the impact, however, of the holiness and commitment by those who live intensively the lay vocation seems to overshadow the lay religious. With the decreasing number of religious brother this becomes more challenging.

1.2 The prevalent socio-cultural preference/bias for priesthood;

People in general are aware only of the priesthood. Parents, Christian Educators and the young who aspire for a vocation have a clear notion of the priesthood and thereby show interest in it. This is supported with the fact that the role of the priest in the community or organization is of prominence and of great importance. Moreover this is reinforced by the mentality among a number of religious priests present themselves more as priests than religious.

2 – The challenge of Salesian brother vocation in the context of our communities.

There is a need of the visible and credible witness of the vocational identity of the Salesians. This will condition the quality of Salesian religious life as individuals and as a community. Apparently, there is a lack of inspiring role models of the salesian vocation among priests and, more particularly, among the brothers.

Because of the above, salesian family members, lay mission partners in the EPC and parents lack awareness and appreciation of the salesian brother vocation in order to be able to help promote, encourage and support aspiring candidates for the brotherhood or salesian brothers in initial formation. The discovery and interest for the Salesian vocation can lead to the discovery and interest for the salesian brotherhood and vice versa.

18. FIS – personal contribution of temporary professed Brother

1. I believe that it would be good if those who are in the initial formation will once in a while, have some kind of gathering for a vocation growth sharing with each other. In this way, we will be able to help one another if one has a problem or maybe help them if they are in crisis, inspire each other with the growth experiences that they will share and assure us, those who are in the initial formation that they we being followed up to by our elder brothers and not just entrust us to our rectors who sometimes, because of the difference with the nature of ones vocation, might not understand fully the feelings of the brothers with temporary vows. This gathering must also be facilitated by an elder brother who is perpetually professed and is capable of guiding those who are in the initial formaiton.

2. The Salesian Brother vocation or the lay brother vocation as a whole is not yet understood in a country wherein the mentality of the people is strongly clerical. Many would look at the brothers as second class or servants of the priests.

3. The feedbacks and impressions that I have seen, since I was a seminarian on how the confreres, in particular the priests treats the brothers could be summarized in two, i.e. drivers and “helper” of the community. Some of the priests themselves looks at the brothers with regards to what they can do and not on what they are as religious.

4. What is the clear and distinct difference of the missionary or apostolic work of the priests and brothers? What are those that the brothers can do but the priests cannot?

2. Awareness of vocation identity

As the newest and the only temporary professed Salesian Brother of the FIS province, I have no clear idea of the provinces’ program for lay brothers especially that I am still here in the FIN province, finishing my philosophical studies. However, I could say that there is not much deep and strong awareness of the vocational identity for the lay brotherhood vocation both for us brothers and most especially for the priests. I say this because I have met some confreres who would treat the brothers coldly and at the same time the brothers themselves have a feeling of inferiority complex within them because of they regard themselves as “just a brother”. Having this feeling within them would unconsciously lead them to project this to the people, which eventually would make the people treat us, the brothers as second class individuals in the congregation. Sad to say, in order for the brothers not to be treated as second class they would create an impression of themselves, giving more emphasis on their being a lay, on what they do, and not on what they are, a religious. Sometimes this impression that they would create will lead them in endangering their vocations.

Visibility of the person of Salesian Brother

I could say that I got my vocation as a Salesian in particular a Salesian Brother, not because I was inspired by the stories that I have read or heard about the priests and the brothers but rather, because the Salesians that I have encountered and saw, present actively with us in high school till my seminary days were the brothers, and not much of the priests. It was also in them that I got to know more of Don Bosco and the Salesian world. It was also thru their presence that I got to be curious and question a lot about them and eventually made me understand and appreciate the specific vocation of the brothers. Sad to say, because of the decreasing number of the Salesian Brothers, they are not that visible anymore than before. The brothers are also often assigned in the training centers of which a few vocations can be found and often is not an advisable place for fishing out vocations. People would also confuse the Salesian Brothers with the priests since many priests these days are no longer wearing their clerical suites or cassock unlike before that one can clearly see the difference between the two when it comes to their external disposition.

High quality formation

As what I have said a while ago, I have no clear idea of the formation of the brothers in our province (FIS) in particular for the initial formation. However, as I have seen it in the past, the brothers are given more opportunities to develop their field of specialization by letting them go for further studies, or attend seminars both abroad and in the country. Still again, the emphasis that is given here is more on the field of work that they do and not much on their growth as a religious. But, as I have said, I have no clear idea for the formation of the brothers in our province.

Work for vocation

The brothers are active in their work for vocations in our seminaries by giving conferences or talks that would enable the seminarians to see the other side of the vocation of the Salesians. However, we only limit ourselves to the seminarians and sometimes, allow ourselves to be contented with our vocation promotion in a sense, we are not that aggressive in recruiting vocations outside of the seminary premises like, our schools, parishes, and training centers and even outside of the confines of the Salesian world that is in other schools, parishes and work place. There are also no materials for vocation promotion for the Salesian brothers, like brochures, posters (trampoline and banners). In my province (FIS) the vocation promoter is assigned only to the priests and not letting the brothers let themselves be heard by other people. Although the head of the commission of formation is a lay brother but the people especially the young are not able to have a direct contact with him. Even in youth gatherings wherein there is a great occasion for vocation promotion, the priests are often seen in front animating the young and not the brothers. We can definitely increase the number and quality of our vocation as Salesian Brothers if we become aggressive in this field of vocation promotion.

19. FIS – personal contribution of Salesian Brother - missionary

Some un-answered questions:

1. Why become a religious brother when it is possible to live and DO the same as the lay people?

+ I strongly disagree with this statement. I still feel that there is a clear distinction between “the what” and “the how” lay people do and “the what” and “the how” the religious brothers do. The difference lies precisely in the consecration of the religious brother and its consequent requirement of living a community life. The real problem why the distinction is no longer felt lies on the changing lifestyle consecrated religious live their consecration and the practice of community life. When there is laxity in the living of the vows and community life decays, then we begin to ask: “ WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE THEN”? “WHY REMAIN IN THE CONGREGATION”?

When a Brother does not see anymore the difference between the life he lives and his married brothers at home, then real trouble comes.

This results when we allow secularism enter into the religious life and into our Salesian communities.

I believe that as a congregation, we have to go back to the basics of religious life and review the essentials of our Salesian life. We have to put back in place the sense of radicality of the sequela Christi. We have to modify our lifestyle so that the ordinary Christians can once more see us as poor, obedient, and chaste religious. Our communities have become ineffective witnesses of religious values!

2. Identity crisis has created inferiority complex or vocational dissatisfaction.

+ This is the consequence of question number 1.

3. Church is living a serious crisis in religious life…

The church’s efforts in empowering the laity, has affected those in religious life who see themselves as mere functionaries. The impetus to QUALITY each member in the religious congregation is a reaction to this empowerment of the laity since the identity of many religious is hooked up to their works and functions. Consequently, every religious wants to go to the universities and get a degree! This increases the inferiority complex of those religious who have low aptitude and cannot take up serious professional studies.

4. As a Salesian Congregation we witness a numerical diminution in SB vocation.

+I see the diminution of the Salesian Brothers’ number as a result of this secularization. Young Brothers need guides and formators who could accompany them in the early stage of their Salesian life. Older Brothers struggled through this identity crisis.

5. The specific contribution of Salesian Brother is not highlighted / understood.

+ The clerical mentality is present in many Salesians culture and even in religious communities has to be changed. It will take time and needs serious education.

The efforts of Salesian priests in promoting the Salesian Brother’s vocation is indeed commendable. While many work seriously towards the achievement of this objective, some Salesian priests are still “selective” in their vocation promotion. There are still some who prefer to advice the more intelligent and talented ones to try the priesthood first then the Brother later. Those less endowed are readily endorsed to become Salesian Brothers.

Another dilemma our priest-vocation-promoters have is obvious. One who sells PUMA shoes while he wears a pair of ADIDAS shoes is less credible and may likely not get candidates to become Brothers. Even if Adidas and Puma are owned by one and the same company, this advertisement strategy will not work. Therefore, our Salesian Brothers have the primary duty of promoting this vocation. It is much easier to invite candidates to become Brothers when the Brothers themselves are “Marketable”. When the Salesian Brothers are credible in the eyes of our lay people, vocation to this way of life will never be wanting. We don’t simply need witnesses. The Brothers are to take the initiative of promotion and recruitment. In Salesian houses where the presence of the Salesian Brothers is more visible, vocation recruitment is much easier. More so when the Brothers are real models, many are attracted to this vocation.

20. GIA – Brothers group contribution collected by Fr. Fugakawa

NOTE: responses from various individuals, so at times responses vary; the questions answered are not exactly in the format of the original questionnaire. There is also always the problem of accurate translation. For those who can read Japanese, the original is available.

Do you think the Salesian Brothers in Japan have a hopeful future?

• Yes, I think they do.
  The Brothers' existence is closely related to how the Salesian Society's projects are conducted. We expect the Society to firmly determine the future direction of its activities, as well as the projects.

• No, I do not think so.

• The Japan Province must address the matter seriously and earnestly. (Although actions have been called for, no actions have been taken or produced results.)

• It is unlikely that Brothers alone can produce any results, since many of them have not been educated to do so.

• It is not clear what the Society expects Brothers to do in the future. The same is true of young Priest members. (However, it depends largely on the quality of each Brother or Priest.)

• I do not hope much. But, members and Brothers do not have opportunities to improve themselves if the Province uses them as a mere labor force, as has often been the case in the old days.

• In order to foster members (Brothers), the Province must put the right person in the right place, making appropriate plans and conducting appropriate guidance, deployment, and recruitment of Brothers. (10-year or 20-year plans and guidance will be necessary.)

• There will be a chance if we can find volunteers; however, it will be very difficult.

• Since young Salesian Brothers are scarce, it will be difficult to find volunteers.

• We should advertise for volunteers, using the Internet and other media.

• Ideally speaking, there should be young members who devote themselves to looking for vocations. It is, however, not possible at the moment.

• We have not succeeded in fostering high-quality Salesian members.

• Since we do not have high-quality members, it is difficult to teach by example.

• Many Brothers have not been educated properly, and we were not fully prepared to receive them.

• The biggest problem is that the number of children decreased due to the sharp drop in the birthrate and there are no minor seminaries (=Aspirantates) for Brothers.

What is attractive about being a Brother?

• They can declare that they have made their profession. Being single for their entire lives proves their Brotherhood, particularly to non-Christians.

• Some Brothers work as staff at residential care institutions, where many lay staff find it difficult to balance work and family. Being single, not merely unmarried but deciding to be single for their entire lives for a religious reason, provides other staff members and local people with some sense of security.

• It is necessary that the head of Province visit Aspirants occasionally and conduct training sessions and guidance, explaining the excitement of being Brothers and their existence values. If leaders think actions are required, they should take such actions and produce results.

• Salesian Brothers are required to be shining in their spirituality and materiality.

• Guidance is required to make Brothers shine. (Do we treat them so that they can be shining? It, however, depends largely on their personal abilities.)

• If Brothers have excellent spirituality, cooperativeness to work with other members, and leadership qualities, their image will be clearer. Brothers need to be guided to have such qualities. They are, however, too busy for their own work, and there is little time for such guidance.

• Since Priests and Brothers wear similar clothes, it is difficult to distinguish them.

• It used to be said that Brothers do work that Priests cannot do. Nowadays, however, there is not much difference in their work.

• Brothers can teach young people. Superiors often say that seculars can also teach young people. Salesian members, however, can be together (assistance) with young people all the time, day and night.

• This is the meaning of being children's friends, teachers, and leaders (assistance). Seculars cannot do this. Even Salesian members cannot do this if they do not love children.

• It is necessary to teach about the religion and doctrines; however, it is no use unless Brothers become attractive, teaching something Priests cannot teach.

• At schools, we hardly have enough time to teach religion. It is possible to have time after school hours, but it will be difficult unless religious class becomes more attractive. We need to foster Brothers who can teach children in an attractive way. However, children with good grades are recommended to become Priests. (Priests and Brothers learn different things.)

What is the difference between Brothers and other Christians.

• Brothers have made their profession.

• With their profession, Brothers are linked with God and the Society.

• With their profession, every minute of Brothers' lives, their intentions, and actions are dedicated to God.

• With our profession, Brothers are linked with God and the Society. With the act of our profession, our lives and actions, every minute of them, are dedicated to God.

• Brothers are superior in their lives and religion to other Christians.

• Brothers received less religious education than Priests. Their education has not produced sufficient results.

• Brothers can spend all of their time together with children, if they want to do so. Brothers can be always together with children. Brothers, however, are not taught how to spend their time with children. This is a problem.

High-quality brothers are required.

• It is important that brothers have specialized expertise, particularly skills and knowledge that are required in our time, and teach such skills and knowledge to young people. This is what Priests cannot do, as stated in the Salesian Rule.

• If missions or pastoral activity fail, the main reason would be that Priests were not working hard enough. It would be wrong to blame Brothers for such failures. It is understandable if Priests ask for Brothers' help; after all, Priests work very hard. Since Brothers are not educated or trained for such work, it is impossible for Brothers to help Priests at the moment.

• Some members wrote that it is members' own efforts to improve themselves. Do Salesian leaders provide members with sufficient opportunities and places of learning? Leaders may never think about this.

• Life-time improvement that produces results is required.

• It is easy to say "high-quality Brothers", but they are very difficult to find.

• We should look for children who will be educated at university.

• We should look for adults and working people who are involved in volunteer activities.

• We should continuously advertise on the Internet.

The difference between Brothers and Priests

• Priests can celebrate the sacraments, but Brothers cannot.

• Brothers cannot become Rectors. Today's directorship, however, can be served by Brothers, since Directors do not always provide guidance.

• Brothers cannot provide spiritual guidance (e.g. as a Rector). For other things, they are really up to Brothers' efforts.

• If Salesian volunteers can experience activities of Salesian Societies abroad, we can show them types of work they can do.

• Due to the staffing shortage, Priests and Brothers are covering each other's work.

• Without many young people, it is difficult to demonstrate the attractiveness.

• Do not have sufficient enthusiasm for education. (At least, have not produced any results.)

• Have not attended world youth conventions. (For example, we did not attend it this year.)

• Although we think we are education experts. Are we really doing our best to study education?

• Priests are also too busy studying religious matters, which have little use in real life.

• We should produce results in our lives.

How can vocations be promoted (=made)?

• It is possible if there are truly attractive Brothers.

• We need to explain that the curriculum for Brothers is similar to that for Priests; they can study at high school and university, taking specialized courses, and then they can work at the Salesian Society.

• We need to teach and guide the meaning and spirit of Salesian Brothers' lives.

• We need to introduce the Salesian Societies' projects around the world, as well as projects of the Japanese Salesian Society. We also need to introduce how Brothers and Priests are playing their roles actively and successfully.

• We need to make leaflets, website, and videos that introduce Salesian activities. Media campaigns, as well as face-to-face campaigns, are necessary.

• It is important for all Priests, Brothers, volunteers, and students to deepen their relationships. Through such relationships, they must understand each other.

• In order to teach the spirit of the Salesian Society, members who truly understand the spirit should provide guidance. I am, however, doubtful that such a member exists.

• Before anything else, we must establish a minor seminary where Brothers can learn.

• We must foster Brothers who work exclusively for the Society and visit churches. Even old people can serve as such Brothers. They visit churches throughout the year.

• We need young Brothers who work exclusively for the Society and take charge of vocation.

Please let us know your opinions.

• If the Province really thinks Brothers are necessary, the Province must address the matter in an integrated manner, taking actions that produce results. Such actions include campaigns and fostering.

• Brothers should not be transferred every time the head of Province changes.

• Although the head of the Province has the power to shuffle personnel, they should not transfer people like chess pieces.

• Leaders are required to foster human resources, rather than shuffling them. It is important for leaders to make long-term plans for the Salesian Society and provide guidance.

• Brothers should not be treated like chess pieces. We should make them shine as an important human resource of the Salesian Society.

Do you have any complains?

• Leaders (Superiors) at all levels in the Province also bear responsibility for recent losses of young Brothers. (The main cause including the lack of guidance and fostering.)

• Leaders are expected to be responsible for fostering young Priests and Brothers and make them into good future member of the Salesian Society.

• Where is our leadership leading the Japanese Salesian Society in the future? Are they making plans to foster human resources? We cannot see the answers to these questions.

• The most important matter is, probably, fostering of human resources. It requires time. When new Superiors are appointed, do they properly take over the responsibilities and continued projects from predecessors?

• The lives of the Salesian Society members must produce results, handing such results to the future. (Every year, plans and their results are not examined or followed-up.)

• It is difficult to be with children all the time, day and night, if they do not love children. At least 80% of time should be spent with children. No results have been produced. (In the future, pastorals for children that produce results should be conducted throughout the world.)

• What did I do this year, and what results did I produce?

• Understanding between Salesian members about each other's work is insufficient.

• Fostering of the Society's human resources is the highest priority issue. (What do we expect from them in the future?)

• We need to work together with the Sisters.

• Each Brother's awareness and his life-long self-improvement are necessary.

• We need to have visions and plans concerning what kind of Brother we are going to foster, as well as education to achieve it.

• The present problem of the Japan Province is that no one reports their work to other people, and no one checks other people's work. There is no system of planning, conducting, examining, guidance, and improvement. Also, there is no punishment even if the target is not achieved. How can people make progress in such an environment?

• If an improvement is required and if the improvement is not made, what happens? In the secular world, there may be punishments and harsh guidance.

20. GIA – Provincial Council contribution (April 2005)

1. As in the PC 2004 we were not able to deepen enough this theme and topic, we decided to have an special commission to deepen this important matter on the Salesian Brother (was already constituted and began the work in April, 2005)

2. In the Provincial. Council we saw the result of the enquire made in the preparation of the PC 2004 and we realized that there were two important thoughts:

a) It is necessary and indispensable to strength the work and activities on the promotion of the Salesian Brother’s Vocation

b) But at the same time, specially in Japan, there is a feeling that there is no need to become so anxious, as the work done by the Brothers is at the same time a work that can be done by the Priests……because there is no a big necessity and demand of activities which can be done only by the Priests….( no much need of Masses , no much need of chaplains, or not much need of priests for the sacrament of Penance, or the sacrament of the Sick, or for Baptism and so on )

We are in a country where although the priest is highly respected he is not so needed as priest in the meaning of activities reserved only to the priest.

This is therefore a reason (a cause) of our lack of interest and enthusiasm in the searching of Brother Vocations. Salesian Priest too, feel no need of the salesian Brother! This is a feeling that not only the priests but also the Brothers have.

3. An important question had been put on the table.

Is the Brother’s existence an indispensable aspect of the salesian charism in the present days, when in the Church the common lay Christian was given a role and a mission may be unthinkable in Don Bosco’s times?

Cannot be seen as a message guiding to a new discernment and a new vision of the problem the fact that at the present times there are not so many vocations to the religious life (male and female)?

4. Also among the young Salesian Priests, there is a tendency to think that to be a Salesian is not so important as to maintain this “aspect” of the vocation at any cost…. It is as if to be “Salesian” is an “adjective” and not a “substantive” from the vocational point of view. It makes us to think on the formation on what vocation is. (It is not just the mentality of Don Cagliero : “Frate o non frate io rimango con Don Bosco”) For young Salesian Priests the important is to be a Priest (substantive).

5. There is an urgent need of having Brothers in the Formation Houses, including the aspirantate, where the Brothers can give an excellent example of the religious life, and may be this is just the last chance (the last card) to improve and to encourage young people to the Brother’s Religious Life style.

6. That is the reason why we need to deepen our Salesian Identity, realizing the concrete modern life, also inside the Church.

7. We are convinced that to think on the Brother’s Vocation means at the same time to think in the priestly vocation.

8. A certain inferiority complex is working strongly in the psyche of the Brothers, and as Priests and Salesians we are not making a big effort to cure it.

It seems that there are not Salesian Communities where the Brothers can feel at easy and this reality creates a feeling of frustration in the Brothers.

9. As conclusion we can say that because of the social changes in the Cities, in the

Church, in the times, in the world, etc., the proper attitude is just to accommodate to the real circumstances, and while living the present reality, we must work in this field of the Brothers Vocation because although it may seem so discouraging to find them, at the same time as the vocations are sent by God….surely there will be and must be found and cultivated. It is our task. But it is not right to make of this "a problem” ! The graces (gifts from God) are not problems, not intended to create overconcern, when they are not given or sent by God. Take it easy! But do what you truly can and a little bit more!

10. The basic task and attitude is to pray the Lord to give to our Congregation Salesian Brothers decided to become what they are called to become…:Saints !!

And to work just to arrive to such a goal!!!

22. ITM – INDONESIA- contribution of group of Salesian Brothers

Achievements

1. Do you have enough materials about the SB identity, formation, history, vocation promotion, living models of SB?

There are books and resources in English/Italian/Spanish located in the Post-Nov and novitiate library. But most of the young Indonesian brothers still need to polish their grasp of the English Language. However, recently the novices had translated the life of Blessed Zatti in Bahasa Indonesia (booklet form) and had also translated a brochure on the life of Zatti.

If you feel a need of more or different materials, can you verbalize your expectations?

Yes we need more materials in the form of VCD and in printed media also. There should be more materials translated in Bahasa Indonesia.

2. Do you feel the Salesian Brothers is prepared, formed enough from the professional, religious, spiritual point of view better than 10 years ago?

Yes, there is a trend now to give better opportunities for the formation of Salesian Brothers. There had been 5 batches sent for Post-nov in Kolkata. Now there is the new formation plan for the post-nov brothers in Sunter and in Baucau. There are university studies offered for those who have the capability for it (Catchesis, Electronic Engineering and English Instruction). During semestral breaks, there will be chances to take up short courses according to their specialization.

3. Do you have an annual meeting of SB on Provincial level? (frequency, content, fruits, difficulties)

Yes, there had been annual encounters. Once in Fuiloro, Tigaraksa and last year in Kupang. Indonesian brothers can comment only about the Kupang encounter because none were present for the previous two. The Kupang content was very formative because it dealt with Human Formation, Personal Plan of Spiritual Life and the Sharing of guest brothers from other congregations.

A difficulty arose due to the need to have an appropriate timing of this meeting, because we are two countries that use different timetables for scholastic breaks. The expenses for the travel had been raised by some economers. There was a plan to have a CD on the results of this encounter but is not yet finished.

Do the formators, rectors understand well the growth of SB (Initial/ongoing formation) ?

There is a perception that maybe even the formators need to understand well the status of the Salesian Brother, as last year, when there Post-nov had its community picture, all were in cassocks, even the Brother.

4. Do you feel a need of more initiatives for the formation of SB? (what field of specialization?)

Yes because in the Post-nov of Sunter and in Baucau there is no Salesian Brother as member of the formation community.

1.5 Growth of SB: in numbers, in quality – identity, awareness, formation?

Yes, there is a positive growth in the number of Salesian Brothers.

There is a new scheme for Post-nov Brothers in Sunter, but it is still too early to make an evaluation. There is a perception that the formators in Sunter are trying out and perfecting the scheme as the months pass by.

1.6 What figure of the ‘model SB’ can you share as a vocational inspiration with the other Provinces? (SB already passed away – necrology; still living – Salesian Bulletin article, CD)

A brother (Zatti) who is all out to help others, inspite of his own poor health.

A brother who is simple and carries out the apostolate without seeking attention.

A brother who is balanced in his involvement in the world of work/technology and also fully active in the community timetable of prayer and liturgy.

A brother who is persevering in diligent service overcoming routinity.

1.7 Specific outside challenges to the SB vocation in your Province (e.g.: culture – social or educative environment – Church environment – family environment)?

The culture of the church is quite hierarchical, so there is a tendency to put the vocation to the priesthood on a higher plane as compared to Brothers or Deacons.

Some families do not know what a brother is all about. There is a perception in some areas of Indonesia where the brother is an Educator or a school head (Semarang), in others (Jogya-Jawa Tengah), the brother is merely the helper of the priest or a sacristan.

1.8 Specific internal challenges to the SB vocation in your Province (e.g.: provincial mentality regarding the brothers vocation, some not yet healed past experience, structural impact of our mission, community life, unfavorable mentality etc)?

Better that among us in community gatherings or good nights & homilies, we use the term “salesian” rather than emphasize on Priest, cleric or Brother. It has been observed that the Brother is starting to be more visible as for example when he is asked to be a witness in the first professions or renewal of vows.

1.9 There are some un-answered‘ eternal’ questions regarding the Salesian Brother in your Province (discernment criteria? Identity? Mission?) Can you verbalize these questions?

What is the criteria for the novice master for vocational discernment? It is noticed that a candidate who is intelligent is encouraged to be a priest while the one who is not as brilliant is “enlightened” to become a brother. How can we have a more integrating type of commnuity apostolate so that there is no stereotyping of tasks: for example the Brother only for temporal duties while the priest only for spiritual ones.

2. To assess how the Guidelines “The care and promotion of the vocation of the Salesian Brother” (ACG 382, by Fr. Cereda - 2003) is helping our practical commitment – by responding to the following questions:

5. Do you know the guidelines? Do you find the guidelines practical?

6. How were the four practical lines of action accepted by the Salesian Brothers?

Yes, they are practical enough to be measured, if we are specific in the outcomes that we want to attain for each line of action.

3. Which is the principal resistance, difficulties of SB vocation met with?

The difficulty lies in the persons themselves, both the brother and his confreres/superiors. If the other members do not mention about the SB vocation in the goodnights or in their homilies, then the concept of the SB vocation is not perceived as appreciated by non-Brother Salesians. On the other hand, if the Brother himself does not talk much about his vocation, then the others (including Salesian confreres) do not come to an appreciation of it.

3. What results have been achieved after PC 2004 until now?

There is a more vigorous attempt by all superiors/formators to pay attention to the promotion of the Brother vocation.

3. Do you have any other suggestion for the care and promotion of SB vocation?

Have more Brothers as members of the formation staff for Novitiate and Post-nov.

Continue with the balanced presentation of the Salesian vocation during vocation campaigns.

Have more symposiums and seminars on the life or vocation of Salesian Brothers for candidates or young salesians (Philosophers and Theologians).

3. To prepare more fruitful East Asia – Oceania ‘Seminar on Brothers Vocation Care and Promotion’, what concrete suggestions do you have after the past experience? (Regional Congress: 1986 - Batulao, 1991- Hua Hin, 1995 - Cebu, 1999 - Melbourne)

9. Did you participate in some of these four SB Congresses, what is your experience? Yes, it was an eye-opener to see and hear how other Salesian Brothers live out their vocation and how Don Bosco is made alive in their different settings/cultures.

10. What was/ what is the fruit/impact of the past SB Congresses in EAO region in your Province?

These were opportunities for sharing and encouraging each other in our vocation. For the host country (Philippines hosted it twice), the younger confreres in formation can have contact with salesians from other parts of Asia. Missionary vocation can also be promoted during these encounters of different nationalities. Cooperation in the form of training and the sharing of technical resources enriches the provinces/houses involved. However, sometimes the deliberations of the Congress does not really get full support when the delegates return back to their provinces because superiors and formators have their own plans.

11. What kind of regional teamwork/ exchange/ sharing of experience do you expect in order to promote and better care for the vocation of SB?

The plan to have each province prepare beforehand and present to the assembly the examples of each province (strategies, VCD’s, brochures, etc) is to make sure that each delegate will have many samples to bring back to his own province. In the field of further studies or specializations, there could be possibilities of having a common house for the preparation to the perpetual vows.

23. ITM – Timor Leste: contribution of Salesian Brothers group

It is our understanding from reading, reflection and life in the Congregation, that Don Bosco’s idea was the Priests and Brothers of the Salesian Society could be likened to the two hands of a person.

The Congregation has been numerically largely clerical; however the decline in SB vocations since 1970 has meant that the Congregation has become even more clerical.

Fr Cereda [Acts 382] accurately spotlights the current situation, viz

3. There is a crisis in vocations in the Church, especially in the western world;

4. There has been a sharper drop in non-clerical (Brothers & Sisters) vocations.

We submit that Don Bosco’s idea of the Salesian Brother was a unique concept and the Salesian Society would both “different” and “poorer” without the Brother.

1.Situation

8. In our vice-province there is not enough printed material about the salesian brother

9. Of course there is always room for new and better materials on the SB vocation that are relevant to the local culture. We are not aware of material on the Brother that has been produced in the EOA Region.

10. From our observation the SB today has better formal preparation than previously. Formation, however, involves informal elements that include interest being shown in the individual as a person and support and encouragement of his work. We have a feeling that much more could be done in this ‘informal’ area.

11. Yes, we think that Brothers should be more involved not only in the formation field but also in the Administration of the Congregation both at Province and World level. However to be able to perform well formation is needed.

12. In the East Timor vice province we have meetings of Brothers,.Most of the meetings consist in sharing and studying the life of blessed artemide Zati.

The last meeting we have had this year was held in Kupang and attended by brothers from different congregations. It was mainly sharing of the different charisms and the apostolate.

13. We sense that the vocation of the Brother could be better understood and appreciated by some of our formators/rectors.

We feel that the vocation of the brother is being somehow put aside with the grand celebrations of ordinations or thanksgiving masses. The salesian priest in their apostolate could put forward the brother’s vocation.

14. Sadly, in general the vocations are fewer, however in these last four years, here in our vice-province the number of the brothers has increased. In our understanding this is due to the clear formation plan of the vice-province, although in its implementation there has been some difficulties.

9. Yes, in general, we are happy in our vocation as Salesian Brothers.

9. At the moment the cultural environment in East Timor is facing a new challenge regarding vocations to Religious Life. Nevertheless we think that there are still vocations to the religious life.

9. This Vice-Province has been blessed, over the years, with a number of very good Brothers. In general we feel that there is a very strong support from the confreres of the Vice-Province.

2.Guidelines

4. Yes, the Guidelines are practical and spotlight key issues.

5. In our opinion awareness of the vocational identity is most important. The other three strategies will fall in place if the vocational identity is well understood by each brother.

5. As well as the formal preparation of the SB, there is a need, in some local communities to informally support and encourage the Brother.

3.EAO SEMINAR 2006

5. From our observation, the vocation of a good number of Religious today, is fragile. Individuals have a need to be understood, encouraged and supported often in an informal manner both inside and outside the community.

As the world is becoming smaller and our EAO Region is successfully working together in other matters, we submit the Region has a role to play in helping to sustain the Brother vocation.

As well as providing mutual support for individuals, a Congress/Gathering can help promote the sharing of resources etc.

6. The Brothers within the EAO Region have the capacity to provide some worthwhile reflections on the Guidelines prepared by Fr Cereda.

From the responses to this questionnaire some key issues are likely to emerge. We submit they should be the basis of discussion at Seminar 2006.

With regard to the Process of the Seminar, we submit that:

3. Keynote Papers to be presented (with discussion questions) should be distributed to participants beforehand;

4. A significant proportion of the Keynote talks be

presented by Brothers.

24. KOR – Formation Commission contribution

• Past ten years experience of care/ promotion of SB vocation

  1. Materials about SB

• Books: Salesian Brother (Rome,1989 – transl.1999); Br. Artedimes Zatti; Zatti (comics) in the Salesian Bulletin

• VHS: Br. Park Bosco (Dec,2003) – PBC; Br. Lee Simon – PBC (Catholic TV)

• Newspaper: Pyonghwa – Br. Marino Bois (1995,1997), Chosun, HanKyoRe: Br. Choi Peter (vocational training, lifestyle – 1997,2003), Br. Bang Lorenzo (Catholic), Br. Hwang Philip (Social welfare, Dong A Il Bo, 1997), Br. Lee Simon and Cho Alexander (Salesian Bulletin)

2. Specialization of SB in the formation field

- Br. Benedict Baek – counselling (MA), now studying English, Spirituality, Manila

3. Annual gathering of SB

• annual: 2 a year

• content: 10 themes (Salesian Brother, 1989 – is the main )

• fruits: spell out difficulties of SB, open discussion about SB identity, sharing on SB vision

• challenge: only the SB within quinquennium are taking part

• suggestion: start with a special “SB DAY” in order to highlight the SB vocation

1. Formation initiatives regarding the SB vocation (initial/ ongoing formation)

• Seminar: for all young Salesians in initial formation twice (1999,2003)

• Seminar: for all SB in quinquennium & young SDD in initial formation once

• Studies (specialization: choice according to personal capabilities – initial formation; ongoing formation: according to the needs of KOR – mission: counseling; mechanics, interior design, nursing & education, administration)

1. Growth of SB vocation

• growing slowly in numbers (1993: 9+9=18; 2004: 8+18= 26)

• growing in quality: SB prepared professionally in different fields of mission

1. Model of SB for sharing

• instead of highlighting one SB, we have a plan to produce a CD/DVD about some outstanding KOR Salesian Brothers ( Promotion and Care)

1. Challenge (ad extra)

• Strong social preference for priest; cultural-wise priesthood is looked on as a higher status in hierarchy of Korean (Confucian) culture

• Daily life of Korean Church is strongly priest-centered

• Lack of basic awareness about consecrated/religious life in the Church

• Parents lack of basic awareness about ‘Brothers’ Vocation

1. Challenge (ad intra)

• There is a limit of the role of SP/ SB (in the Constitutions)– that implies also a limitation for more participation& involvement of Brothers in Community Life

• According to the specific goal of each setting we need more specific care for SB responsibility and contribution

• The style of vocational promotion gives the impression of being priest-centered, the Salesian Brother aspirants can easily feel alienated. This continues during initial formation, where there is prevalence of care for candidates to the priesthood (for example: calling the group ‘first year of the Seminary” or “Fundraising group for the seminarians/ theologians formation” etc)

• Regarding the ‘professional field of SB’ there are some difficulties felt in community life: How can the ‘non specialist’ Rector assess/ accompany really Salesian Brothers well in their professional mission?

• In ordinary community life SB is centered on his ‘field of specialization’, it’s not easy to contribute to community life through the liturgy or other important community events.

• Felt need to care about community participation of elderly brothers

1. Some questions not answered in the Province

• To open an opportunity for discernment conceringing two ways of being Salesian (SB, SP) in the first stages of formation (before first profession)

• The candidates for Priesthood are facing the difficulties of Korean University entrance exam (= the ordinary way of joining the Congregation as candidates for priesthood). In the cases where they fail the exam for Catholic University they are 'inevitably' facing becoming candidates for Brotherhood - and some confusion or worries about their identity.

• Promotion and care for SB vocation

  1. In the Formation Commission the reflection on the guidelines (Acts 382) is going on. They were translated and distributed just in July 2005 by the Formation Commission.

  2. Until now there was no opportunity to reflect deeply on the four suggested strategies of Fr. Cereda – we feel all of them are very important

  3. What are the most frequent difficulties, resistances to SB vocation?

• Until recent times the line of SB formation and care was not very consistent, now we witness a period of building up - fixing the basic formation system with some difficulties met.

• Need for SB vocational identity awareness

• Need for promotion and care for SB vocation in each community

1. Results after the PC 2004?

• Appointment of one SB to accompany the young SB and candidates (Br. Alex)

1. Do we have one SB as an animator of SB in the Province/ his role?

• Br. Philip Hwang takes care of the ongoing formation of the Salesian Brother

• Br. Alex Cho takes care of the accompaniment of young SB, vocational promotion of Salesian Brother (since 2004)

• Practical questions regarding SB vocation

  1. Salesian Brothers' Manual (The Salesian Brother, SDB – Rome, 1989)

• translated into Korean in 1998; used for the Seminars of young Salesians – as the Prenovitiate and Novitiate textbook – basic text for the SB meetings

1. Need for other useful materials

• Feel the need for more translations of model SB stories (from other Salesian Bulletins – like Australia)

1. Vocational discernment

• The ‘Criteria and Norms for Salesian Vocation Discernment’ were translated into the Korean language just this month (July 2005). We will start to study them!

1. Provincial Formation plan: Satisfied with the Plan section about SB vocation

2. Reasons for losses SB in the Province?

• lack of deeper reflection about vocational motivations

• lack of awareness about precious value of SB vocation among Sal. Priests

• lack of identity of SB (sometimes it is difficult to note a difference between dealing with a Salesian Brother or one of our Lay staff in some of our settings)

• feeling of unfair treatment among our SB and SP in the ordinary community life

• in some communities there is a disrespectful environment (attitude of disregarding the views of SBs!)

1. What kind of help for the ‘specific formation’ of SB?

• We would like to prepare one Brother as a formator for the formation of SB!

1. Interested in the possible future project of SB specific formation in Manila?

• Yes, we have the interest (now there are 3 perpetually professed SB to study English and some other spirituality courses; arrived March, 2005)

25. KOR - Good night talk – General Chapter 25 – Salesian Brothers in Korea

1. The Salesian Brothers in Korea

Each of us brings to the Chapter the voice, life, joys and preoccupations of his province of origin. I think we are all grateful for the results of this wonderful exchange of living experiences. With an open heart I would like to present the attractive countenance of the Korean Province, and the joys and hopes of our coadjutor Brothers who make up a fourth part of the provincial community.

Exactly 40 years ago (25 March 1962) the first two Korean confreres made their profession at the end of the novitiate made in Japan at Tokyo-Chofu, where they had the good fortune to live in the same house as Mgr. Vincent Cimatti. One of them, Moses Kim, was the first Korean Brother.

Since then we have had the good fortune to live with some wonderful lay Salesians, true models to whom we owe a great deal.

• Bro. Francis Kim, who went home to heaven in the Jubilee year. He was a factotum: from 1956 he had been part of the first Korean community, in which he had been a driver, economer, photographer, procurator and teacher of Japanese. A man of few words, but who prayed a great deal during his long illness.

• Bro. Moses Kim had been a soldier in the communist army during the Korean war. He escaped in the south and spent some terrible years in a concentration camp for captured soldiers. He happened to come in contact with the first salesian school at Kwangju in 1956, and after 5 years of aspirantate made his novitiate in Japan, where he had the good fortune to spend an entire year with Mgr Cimatti at Tokyo. Much esteemed as a catechist, he became famous for his interesting stories; he spent 7 years as assistant to the novices.

• Bro. Marino Bois, an example of great availability, was born in Val d’Aosta but came to Korea 40 years ago. As a technician and expert in mechanics he founded a Professional Training Centre at Seoul and two centres in Africa (in Sudan and Equatorial Guinea). At the age of 57 he then left for mainland China, where he is running a pioneer technical school at Yanji.

• Bro. Tadeo Oh, famous for his 18 years service as Provincial Economer. He was nicknamed “Brother Provincial” because he became the right-hand man of Fr Luc Van Looy and later of Fr Marc Cuvelier when the latter became the guide of the Korean Delegation. He was well known and esteemed for his prudence, humility, spirit of faith and poverty. He was over 60 when he collaborated in the launching of the new mission at Yanji in China. Being of the same age as the local President, he is carrying out a wonderful and almost diplomatic work for the smooth running of the local EPC, made up of Salesians and local staff.

• Bro. Peter Ro, an expert counselor. He taught for 25 years in the Kwangju High School, and plays a valuable accompanying role in the initial formation of the young.

Thanks to these examples of Salesian life, we have now 24 Brothers among 102 confreres, and each year at least one brother-novice. They occupy many key-posts in the province:

Bro. Hilario Seo (some will remember him from the GC24) after frequenting the ISCOS Faculty of the UPS, collaborated with the Bulletin for 5 years before passing on to the Internet section, and then becoming Delegate for Youth Pastoral Work; since 2002 he is responsible for the big youth centre entrusted to us by the government at Chunchen.

• Bro. Philip Hwang, who has always been close to difficult boys, is famous for his extensive collection of various titles and licences (15 in all ranging from teacher of religion to boiler craftsman); for 3 years he has been provincial economer.

• Bro. Peter Choi, a technical expert in mechanics, after training in Australia has been for the past five years President of a Professional Training Centre in Seoul. A zealous educator of poor boys, he now lives with the first young refugees from North Korea.

• Bro. Savio Kang, high-school teacher of religion, salesian past-pupil, tireless assistant of boys in the playground and study-hall, where they study until midnight.

• Bro. Simon Lee, carpenter, delegate of the past-pupils of the Seoul mother-house, where poor boys live with the aspirants. After two years experience at the Salesian school of Chatillion (Italia - AO), he has been able to perfect his profession and become a valid formation guide.

• Bro. Benedict Baek, Provincial Secretary and an expert counselor with extensive experience of youngsters in juvenile prisons, street-children and family-homes. He lends a hand in assisting the young in formation (even the latter are at risk).

The Korean Province is fortunate in having at least 1 Brother in 11 of its 12 communities, and every year there is at least one Brother among the novices. How has this happened? It is certainly a gift from God, but also of the attractive force of some old Brothers with their evident happiness and transparent way of life. I would like to share some convictions with you:

• Without our Brothers our communities could no longer be called salesian. To have the priesthood as Don Bosco wanted it, the figure of the Brother must be there as well. We feel ever more certainly that each group has need of the other.

• In effect the Brothers are much closer to the boys, especially the very poor ones, as dormitory assistants, teachers, technicians and fathers. Without them much of the fine work done in the missions and in activities for poor lads would be unthinkable.

• Their presence in some key points of the province (provincial council, animation at provincial level, headmasters of schools, etc.) has led us to a greater recognition of the great contribution they make to community life, to the mission, and especially their splendid evangelical witness to poverty and a humble life, linked with a secure professional approach to work. For example:

• We have Benedict, who gave rise to the first group of Volunteers with Don Bosco (CDB) in Asia at Seoul in 2000.

• We have Philip and Bosco who have started up valid centres of Cooperators, formed of volunteers in our various works.

• We have Harold, a tireless seeker of vocations. When youngsters have once met him at the summer camps, they keep in touch with him for months and even years afterwards.

• In this year of 2002, which will see the beatification of Bro. Zatti, to encourage vocations we have asked all the Brothers to write the story of their own vocation. We will collect these together as a help for young people looking for their own vocation in life. In a week or two three Brothers will be coming to Rome for the beatification celebrations..

In Don Bosco’s time there were very many lay confreres, so many in fact that it is difficult to imagine how Valdocco could have developed without them, even to the missionary expeditions; among them was Joseph Buzzetti, who was really the first Economer General, and there were many Brothers in the missionary expeditions. But now?

I can imagine Don Bosco in our midst and asking us with a shrewd smile: “Do you love the Church? Do you love the Congregation? Do you love poor youngsters? Then with all your hearts set about promoting the vocation of the Salesian Brother”.

In my mind’s eye I can see our communities changed through the presence of our dear lay confreres.

26. KOR – Contribution of young Salesian Brothers (initial formation)

• Growing of self-awareness about our vocational identity

• When we live together with/ for youth in need

• Because of the heart that wants to follow Jesus, wanting to become the light and salt of the earth

• Witness of our life (ex: in Yanji), when we can’t talk to the students about our identity, but they respect our life given for them

• In Salesian work now the SB vocation is still weak but it is very important

• Even if the Salesian Priest is away because of his sacramental ministry, the commitment of the SB in the field of specialized service is providing many opportunities for continuous presence in the pastoral field

• After reaching some specialized level we feel more self-confident during our encounters with the young; it is possible to have a dialogue with many lay people involved in the field of our work. To sum up: my life is becoming more full of joy to serve.

• During my assistance in the workshop, meeting our students/youth often, I can feel how my life is becoming a big help to their growth

• Assistance – this is the identity, this is the visibility!

• Where is the SB becoming more visible?

• Thanks to our pastoral specialization, the Salesian Brother is often left to handle for a (very) long time one single role/ job. The continuous presence in our mission is helping a lot to give a coherent direction to our work!

• When the relationship with our highly qualified staff is smooth and we can be present amidst our youth with continuity.

• It is revealed also through community prayer

• High quality formation

• It is important to think from both an intellectual and Salesian point of view. We need an opportunity to grow more deeply in the Salesian Spirit and as Salesian Brothers to grow in the field of specialization. In order to master our major study/skill area, we need to invest time and continuous interest and to stick to the formation plan

• To master the required knowledge at a practical pastoral level, we need to not only study abroad but also to take advantage of any home opportunities. If we need to master some special field, even to be out of community for a short period while keeping the minimum of necessary relationships – it’s worth reflecting on.

• We need to mention the required fields of specialization explicitly in the Provincial formation plan, then we would study with more sense of mission (we are sent by the provincial community)

• As for the Priest the field of mission is the sacramental ministry, so for the Brother it is his specialization: it’s important for a meaningful life for us!

• We need study for specialization according to each individual's situation and personal limits before perpetual profession

• At the beginning, for the graduates of HS we need to study at the University according to own capabilities and needs of the Congregation

• During initial formation for specialization there should be an opportunity to study also in other (=non formative communities)

• We need a model Salesian Brother for the youth interested in vocation

• The real ‘Salesian’ identity of SB we should find in the picture/ feature of DB!

• To find in every single field of our Brother's mission/ apostolate a specific value of the Brothers’ vocation, and share it for the good of vocational promotion

• For Non-Salesian Brothers there is a practical limitation to make a concrete invitation to Salesian Brother’s life to our youth

• Would it be possible to train Brothers to also become spiritual retreat directors instead of the priests who are too busy? I believe, rather than an inferiority complex, we need a huge effort. Rather than looking for some visible pastoral service, we shouldn't overlook fraternal life within our communities

• Difficulties

FORMATION

• Instead of developing a vocation ministry for the SB vocation, our attitude seems to be one of passive ‘waiting and choosing’ the right fellow

• While there is a variety of different ways to introduce the way of the SB to young people, during the Aspirant period, vocational guides (for the Brother) are missing

• We really lack some concrete models of the SB as professional school instructors, but we have enough models in the field of social welfare (=working with the youth at risk, youth in need)

ORDINARY LIFE

• In our communities we sense the hierarchy of: brother → deacon → priest. We feel some difficulties in fraternal unity, and it makes an impact on our Salesian identity

• As Brothers if we don’t think about our call from God, we can easily fall into an inferiority complex

• In the formation houses we can’t find a common issue of table-talk among Brothers and seminarians; we are not comfortable with this. We need more individual effort of theological reading/ studies.

• Starting from the way we call each other – better to use “Brothers” than “seminarians”

• After every priestly ordination we have a fraternal party at a province level, why not after the perpetual vows of Brothers?

EDUCATIVE PASTORAL WORK

• We need specialization studies and also after graduating a specific field to be able to work in the prepared field of ministry. Apart from this, each SB should himself see to strengthening his own identity as a Brother: it would be of big help to the promotion and care of the SB vocation

• In spite of having an opportunity for overseas study/formation, we see after they return home that they are given a different field of apostolate – it doesn't make life easy

• The Congregation requests specialization, but the specialist don’t like it?!

• Every SB should make an effort to master a different field of specialization, usually the difficulties after changing the place has its roots here!

• Nowadays many of the SB jobs can be done also by the Salesian Priests!

NB: If we want to have more Salesian Brothers vocations, we should live a more frugal life, show a more hard-working life-style. Of course … in Christ, with the strong experience of His presence! This short sharing was for us a good opportunity to deepen our vocation. Thank you.

27. THA – Formation Commission – Salesian Brother contribution

A. Situation

From past 10 years, the number of the Salesian Brothers in the Thai Province is still static till today. There are about 14 Brothers, the youngest and latest one is 36 years, and the eldest one is 80 years old. With our faithfulness to Saint John Bosco’s Charism, our Province needs some more brothers to work for the Salesian mission and for the Catholic Church. Hopefully, we believe that God will call some young people to follow Him as a Salesian Brother by the way of our serious promotion, care and prayer.

B. Achievements

1.1 Regarding materials about the Salesian Brother:

• The Salesian Brother: History, Identity Vocational Apostolate and Formation (Rome 1989)

• 3 rd East Asian Salesian Brothers’ Congress, Cebu City, Philippines, 1995

• Sanctity in the Salesian Family by J.Puthenkalem and A. Mampra, sdb, India, 2002

• Venereble Simaon Srugi from Nazareth by Ernesto Forti, Bethlehem, 2002 and also translated into Thai.

• Zatti ! A Biography by Peter Lappin, sdb, New York, and also translated into Thai.

• La Mano Laica Di Don Bosco, Enzo Bainco, LDC Torino, 1982 (translated into Thai in 1991)

• Documents from the ACTS of the General Council N. 298 year 1980 by the Rector Major and N. 382 year 2003 by Fr. Francesco Cereda

1.2 Brothers prepared for the formation field?

• Bro.Chitti Uppakarn, Specialization: Formative Spirituality and Member of Pastoral Youth Ministry

• Bro. Panetto Robert, Specilization: Formative Spirituality and Technical Education

• Bro. Worawut Jirasujarittham, Specialization: Formative Spirituality and M.A. in Educational administration

• Bro. Suwan Jutasompakorn, Specialization: M.A. in Technical Education and administration

• Bro. Phitoon Thammanit, Specialization: M.A. in Educational administration

3. Annual meeting of Brothers on Provincial level?

• Actually, it is organized once in a year

3. Initial or ongoing formation initiatives regarding SB vocation?

• It is up to the Provincial level and individual interests

1.5 Growth of SB: in numbers, in quality-identity, awareness, formation?

• There is a need to create an awareness of the brothers toward ongoing formation especially in an individual field of specialization and personal interests

1.6 What figure of the model SB can you share as a vocational inspiration with the other EAO Provinces?

• There are some model SB which are not yet published. We can share their amazing stories to other EAO Provinces.

C. Challenges

1.7 Specific outside challenges to the SB vocation in your Province?

• Generally speaking, the most difficulty comes from a clerical mentality.

1.8 Specific internal challenges to the SB vocation in your Province?

• There is full support and care on the brother vocation at the provincial level.

9. There are some un-answered ‘eternal’ questions regarding the Salesian Brothers in your province?

• First, people’s and parents’mentality: considering that priests have a higher social status.

• Second, Some senior confreres and members of the Salesian Family have not clearly understood their vocation.

• Third, the function of the brother in the Salesian Family today is not clear.

• Fourth, there is no serious plan for the formation of the brother after the novitiate and the practical training in some parts of the congregation/province.

2. To assess how the Guidelines “The care and promotions of the vocation of the Salesian Brother” (ACG 382, by Fr.Cereda-2003) is helping our practical commitment-by responding to the following questions:

2.1 How was the guideline (ACG 382-4lines of action) communicated and studied in the Formation Commission?

• They have been studied at the Provincial and the Commission on Formation levels, and are applying the lines of action.

2. How were the four practical lines of action accepted by the formators?

• The Provincial Council has to assign the Provincial Formation Commission to reflect and strongly study on these lines of action and come out with a clear plan for promotion.

2.3 Which are the principal resistance and difficulties the Salesian Brothers vocation met with?

• I think all of the basic lines of action for promotion of the Salesian Brother’s vocation are related to each other. These need to be developed simultaneously by the Province, the Provincial Formation Commission and in the Salesian community.

4. What results have been achieved after PC 04 till now?

• Generally speaking, the Provincial level and every community have a sense of belonging and responsibility for the Brother Vocation’s promotion. Let us see what will occur in the future.

4. Do we have one SB as an animator of Salesian Brothers in the Province? What is his role?

• Bro. John the Baptist Thanad Anan is assigned as an animator. He is a member of the Provincial Formation Commission. His role is to collaborate with the Brothers and co-ordinate what they should do together during the year.

2. Practical questions regarding Salesian Brother Vocation in your Province?

3.1 Is the “Salesian Brother” manual (SDB, Roma 1989’golden book’ known studied by the young Salesians, Formators, Provincial Seminars? Do you find this material is helpful in your effort for promotion and care about SB vocation?

• Yes, this book is very formative and useful for all salesians, some topics were discussed in the previous Provincial Seminars.

• Yes, I do agree. I think this book is very helpful, but it should be translated into Thai.

2. Do you feel a need for other useful material?

• Yes, I do. I think the Salesian Brother manual (SDB, Roma 1989) should be up-to-date with more new formation and data in order to relate to the RATIO and the writing of Fr. Francesco Cereda about the care and promotion of the vocation of the salesian brother.(Acts: N.382, 2003)

2. Do you find the vocational discernment regarding Salesian Priests/Brothers vocation in your Province working well? Do you have any difficulties or some issues to be clarified?

• There is no clear working process about this. It depends on an individual decision-making.

• In time of crisis and difficulties of some confreres, the superiors are slow to follow them up.

2. Do you find the Provincial Formation plan-section Salesian Brother-well done and practical enough for the care of SB vocations?

• Yes, the Provincial Formation plan is well-done and practical enough for the care of SB vocations, but the most important is how we can implement them into action. I think it takes time and needs collaboration from those who are involved.

2. Did you reflect on the motivational losses of Salesian Brother in your Province? What would be the most common motivation for the SB to leave the Salesian vocation?

• Yes, we did.

• The most common motivation for the SB to leave the Salesian vocation with the following reasons:

Before 10 years ago, the Provincial level and the Provincial Formation Commission did not did care much about the care and promotion of the vocation of the Salesian Brother.

Some lacked of confidence about what they were regarding as the Brother Vocation Identity. And some felt insecure in their Salesian Brother Vocation regarding their role and function in community.

2. What kind of help do you need to implement in your Province and what specific formation for the Salesian Brothers?

• The Salesian Brothers should be followed up more from time to time in order to be more qualified in their assigned mission/responsibility.

2. Are you interested in the possible future project of the SB specific formation program in Manila, Paranque(FIN) or would you consider another practical solution for this formation stage of SB?

• Yes, I really agree with this future project of the SB specific formation program, otherwise the brothers’ spirituality and their vocation may dry up. I think the possible project can be organized anywhere and anyplace.

• We need collaboration among the Asian provinces to set up a special program for the Salesianity and Spiritual growth of the Salesian Brothers.

28. VIE – Group of brothers studying in the Philippines (Manila)

These are our reflections on the five areas:

a. Awareness of vocational identity

b. Visibility of the person

c. High quality formation

d. Work for vocation

e. Commitment to prayer

1. Awareness of vocational identity:

Most of our brothers are aware of our own identity. Our vocation was nurtured and grown along with those years of formation (3 or 4 years of Aspirantate, one year of pre-novitiate and one year of novitiate) We came to know more about Salesian life, and we chose this vocation. This means before making the choice we had a long period of discernment and prayer.

The consequences of choosing this vocation: when we chose Salesian brother vocation, at first, often we received a negative response from our own families and relatives. They are not happy about that because it is an honor for them if a son becomes a priest not a lay brother. In spite of that we accept and go on with our vocation. We are convinced that it is our vocation not theirs!

2. Visibility of the person:

In each formation house, there is at least one Salesian brother. Because of that, the person/identity of the Salesian brother is seen by the younger confreres (aspirants, pre-novices and novices)

Most of these visibilities of Salesian brothers are not about their expertise but about their simple life, silent daily service and prayerful character.

Recently, there are some brothers who have clearer responsibilities, tasks in the province, that make them more visible in their own fields/expertise, at the same time they also keep some important positions in provincial level.

3. High quality formation:

In the past 10 years, due to the situation in Vietnam, high quality formation was not the need of the province, or in other word, we lack of means and opportunities. Most of our works are the works in parishes. Recently, our province has paid special attention to the high quality formation for Salesian brothers. As the matter of fact, many brothers have sent (in Vietnam and in other countries) to study in different fields.

4. Work for vocation:

Working for vocation is the strong point of the province. In all formation houses, there will be at least one Salesian brother who involves in formation team, working for vocation. The aspirants have chance to study and interact with Salesian life especially with Salesian brother.

There is an annual assembly for Salesian brothers. They share, study and deepen their vocation. They also discuss about the way how to promote this vocation. There are conferences given by some Salesian brothers to pre-novices and novices, too.

Due to the word “brother” which is used to call both clerics and brothers, that’s why the people are not aware of our identity as Salesian brothers, they often ask “when will you become priest?” In Vietnamese language, we have a special word to address to Salesian brother that is “Su huynh” it is known to the people but it is not used nowadays. We wish that it may be used again so that people will be aware of our identity.

5. Commitment to prayer:

Most of the brothers are good example in this matter. They are faithful to the community prayer as well as their personal prayer. This is the magic attraction to us as young confreres and to the young.

29. VIE – Mongolia personal contribution of Salesian Brother (missionary)

It is not easy to write about the challenges in my Salesian brother vocation. Each one of us as Religious always has our own challenges in our life. However, I am happy to share them because I believe that we can help each other to be strong in his vocation, no matter whether he is a priest or brother.

First of all, I strongly believe that each one of us is happy to be a Salesian. We were free to choose to become an SDB priest or brother. We applied for it and we fully understood what we were choosing for. The Salesian brother is a religious vocation the same as the priest's. So because of that identity, he has to be a holy Religious. The cassock cannot make a Religious more holy, so the Salesian brother has no reason to wear “the roman collar” as some have suggested. Besides, the mentality of becoming a brother just for those who are incapable of study is wrong. This should be changed or removed from the mind of the Salesians. I think Don Bosco would be very disappointed if he thought his sons had this thinking. One thing we should always keep in mind is that a person who applies to become an SDB priest or brother does so because he loves this particular vocation and he strongly believes that with this vocation he will be able to respond completely to the call of God through the charism of the Congregation.

Deciding to be an SDB brother was something I had in my mind since I was in pre-novitiate. After novitiate, I applied to become an SDB brother because I love it; I have no problem in my study, I like very much the time we were studying philosophy. I studied all subjects though there were some selective subjects for clerics only. I have no difficulty from my family though my mother was a little sad when she learnt that I would never become a priest, but she let me go with my choice.

Definitely, there was no obstacle from my family regards my decision to become an SDB brother. However, there is a priest who advised me to change my vocation; according to him I could contribute more in the mission territory. This idea disturbed me for some time, particularly when I was preparing for my perpetual profession in PNG. I said to myself it might be true, my apostolate in the mission territory may be more effective if I were a priest; people would listen to me more easily, I could say Mass for them and at the same time I could teach them something in the shop (for I was studying Auto Mechanics). After consulting my spiritual director, who was helping me for my perpetual profession preparation, I finally understood the priest's good will but I never changed my mind. I cannot be a “worker-priest” who can do everything: from the church to the shop. That’s why Don Bosco wanted his Congregation to have priests and brothers. Each of them will fulfill their duty accordingly. In one of the good night talks, Don Bosco said “I think that nearly all of you know what the congregation of St. Francis de Sales is. It is not just for priests or aspirants to the priesthood; it is also for artisans (the SDB brother). It is a Society of priests, clerics and lay men - artisans specially - who wish to work together, trying to help one another and others spiritually. So keep in mind that not only those who want to be priests can be members of it but a sizable part is made up of people who remain in the lay state.” (MB12, 121). As we all know, priests and brothers are the two hands of Don Bosco. The identity of the Congregation will be changed if one of them is lacking.

An additional thought: in daily living with my SDB priest confreres, through their “unintentional behaviors” in relationships, sometimes they have hurt me. The mentality of favouring the priest, particular in mission territories, gives the priest a higher status than the brother. The people of course do not understand why there is a brother among the priests, why he just become a brother only. When there is a meeting among the missionaries, the status of the brother is different to that of the priest because he is the only one; it is a big gap and imbalance. The conversation and introduction of my presence saddened me sometimes because of the lack of sensitivity. However, I am never in favor of making “revolution” in order to fight for the rights and higher recognition of the status of the SDB brother among the priests. I am also not in favor of asking to organize seminars here and there for the SDB brother only where we will again fight for the right to be recognized. Rather we might find out how to live fully as a Religious. At the same time, we should go back the very start of our Congregation and ask ourselves what Don Bosco wanted us to be: holy Salesians giving their life totally for the sake of the young. As Don Bosco said: “who wants to save his soul is welcome” (MB 12, 121).

Lastly, I also have some suggestions (if I may):

• Regarding the formation of the SDB brother: that he not only becomes a principal in the school or assistant in the shop, (because lay people may be able to handle it much better), but he can become a formator in the formation house or take on higher study in any field if he is capable. Give some more attention to the theological study of the brother. He should have a deeper understanding of the teaching of the Church, and religious spirituality so that he can sit at the same table with the priest and talk about liturgy or theology as a Religious is suppose to know how to do. As far as I know, there are times when the brother does something, and the priest says that he is wrong because according to “canon law” you can not do this or that!!! So the brother has to receive formation or instruction from the priest if he wants to know if he is correct according to “canon law” regarding that matter. With the higher quality of formation, the brother can handle the spiritual retreat or some kind of seminar.

• Hierarchically, we have SDB brothers on the House Council, Provincial council so why not at a higher level? The status of the brother will be most visible if he has a chance of appearing in public. He can be a youth coordinator or animator among the youth. When the face of the brother and priest appear in front of the people this is the best way of making the SDB vocation known to the youth.

30. VIE – Provincial Council contribution

31. VIE – Contribution of the Postnovitiate group of Salesian Brothers

VIE-SB sharing about AGC 382 ‘Care and promotion of Salesian Brother vocation’ (Fr.Cereda)

Basic considerations and realities

• largest number of Sal Bros among the EAO region provinces (36) plus missionaries (3)

• second largest number of temporary professed Sal Bros (13 at present)

• six brothers studying in the Philippines at present (FIN-Manila)

• presence of Sal Bro in all initial formation communities, formators very supportive

• good provincial plan for promotion and care of Salesian Brother

Personal sharings

• challenges (external and internal) for us: family, church, society; it is not easy to explain and to express the specifics of our vocation (many don’t understand Sal Bro vocation)

• vocational discernment is still about the ‘best, bravest, most intelligent’ for Sal Priests – this is the ‘air’ we breath in our formation houses, it is not easy to talk about it, it’s sad

• because of small numbers it’s not easy to have good specific formation for Sal Bro (XH)

• suggesting Manila as the possible place of specific formation

• at present the care of the Sal Bro in Dalat is good, in the right direction, backed by solid studies (same as for clerics)

Br. G (missionary in Vietnam, former Prenovitiate formator, diploma from UPS)

1. Sal Bro identity – better to talk about ‘whole SDB’ charism. We talk about two feet of DB (priest, lay). All of us have to understand the Sal Bro vocation; we need to deepen the process of deeper, exactly identity of Sal Bro vocation, also Sal Bros don't always understand the Sal Priestly vocation identity. (mutual exact understanding), Sal Priest is respected more in Viet culture. External challenge – difficult to explain to the faithful that I’m a religious, not a priest. If I were a Sal Bro, maybe I commited some fault, and could not be ordained. Even Sal Priests can try to deepen the identity of being Salesian, also of the Salesian Brothers (both can understand each other)

2. How can we be more visible – VIE gives the occasion to work in vocational center, catechist – we can show our identity. Challenge – as Sal Bro to have good formation, show us different from the priests. Sometimes Sal Bro have the intention to go deeply into secular work and be separate from the religious, as an extreme. To accomplish the unity of religious and professional

3. Formation – Sal Bro: both have some difficulties

• Specific formation: compared to the Italian specific formation course. In our situation we can’t carry it here well, because of the small number of Sal Bros, not easy to organize the school – also some Salesians changed their vocation due to lack of good formation!

• Specialization: need of solid preparation, together with the lay – attend the University some preparation needed. Some consider Sal Bros as Salesians with a lower level of education!

4. Vocation promotion: good vocational discernment to understand; some say Sal Bros don't need higher level (of education etc). Some think even if they missed basic religious qualities, they are not fit for RL. This is a lack in the Vietnamese Province too.

Br. J (3^rd)

• Lack of understanding even my parents can’t understand what the Sal Bro vocation is all about. They think, you have no quality to study for Sal Priesthood. Personally I’m very happy to be a Sal Bro, strengthened by some older Sal Bro models. Some older priests in VIE province don't’ understand our Sal Bro identity well and our role in the Congregation. Question – is such situation also in other EAO provinces? And how do they face it?

Br. P (2^nd)

• In order to promote Sal Bro vocation, Sal Bro by self should understand. My motivation was a model of Sal Bro in our Province. Decision was my own, even if I was pressed a lot!

• Some misunderstandings – Were you pushed? Even some SDB don't’ understand own vocation. All VIE confreres should understand well. Ex: If Sal Bro was told that some Sal Bro is living luxuriously, it is a counter-witness. Like the experience of Br. H – to be religious, means in Vietnam, to be a priest – this is the basic external challenge!

Br. FX (Formator of the Postnovitiate – the only Sal Brother)

• Each confrere is called to know – ‘We have ONE Salesian Vocation’ in the Congregation. So, in order to be understood by others, we should know it well. First understand, than live it!

• VIE – even some Rectors can’t understand Sal Bro vocation. And what about the other community members? Perpetual profession of Sal Bro – superior has a good occasion to explain to the community members. Seeing only clerics, giving the impression as Priestly Congregation.

• We have many documents about Sal Bro in Vietnamese – but we should read them and put them into practice.

• Formation: Some Superiors are talking about no need for a Sal Bro 3 years course of formation! When I took the De universa exam years ago, many other brothers had not done so, even some clerics failed. Why have they been sent ahead? Why is there some unequal treatment, as postnovices? If we divide post-novitiate formation – it is not fair, gives a bad impression.

• When we talk about Sal Bro vocation to the aspirants (all the current Sal Bros are confident to talk to youth, to the aspirants about their vocational identity!!!): In fact, Sal Bro just can share, but the reality of the Province can’t reflect what we share. When the youth see our VIE province reality, they doubt because of the discrepancy between the talk and observed reality of our communities. There is a need of mentality change and constant effort!

Br. M(1^st )

• Some difficulties in my voc. decision, my family ‘pushing’ for Sal Priest, as the higher status, while the Sal Bro is a second category Salesian. But in our Congregation there is not two (different) levels, but two dimensions of the same vocation. How to explain to this to people outside? First how to make it understand by all Salesians?

• For Sal Bro a reduced number of subjects? Suggesting the same course, only later on…

Br. G (1^st )

• Identity of Sal Bro, as aspirant there was a suggestion: asking some SDB to explain already at that stage about the Sal Bro vocation. And they can choose…

• In our class many batchmates prefer to be a Sal Bro, but because of family pressure; afraid if I will be asked to be a priest… easily to be accepted. This is the wrong side of the Sal Bro vocation. If we know everybody to know somebody interesting, let’s help him to become good. Ex: Br. T – his family was against, and his family was convinced by the Novice Master and he is now here as Sal roB. Some rumors are now, when are eight (8) professed in one group, that we are stronger. We are not living because somebody has mercy on us.

Br. M(1^st )

• Motivation of my personal choice of Sal Bro vocation:

1. that I’m a Religious – call of God, to follow him. Not to look for himself

2. that I’m a Salesian – to serve the poor and abandoned

3. that I should become what I professed – to overcome myself and clearly understand my consecrated life as the best service to poor youth

I choose to serve God better. For some clerics – they still don't’ understand, only think about ‘certain professionality, specialization’ of the Salesian Brother. This idea makes Sal Bro understand the vocation ‘only as a ‘role to do’

Check up of the available titles in Vietnamese (Enzo Bianco – Artemide Zatti, La mano laica di Don Bosco; ACG – 298, Vigano; ACG – 376, Vecchi; Marcel Verhlust – La voce del coadiutore nella COngreg. Salesiana (Kansebula, Zaire 1991); 33 primi coadiutori salesiani; Biography of Br. Srugi).

32. VIE – specific formation of Brothers (group contribution)

External challenges met in VIE:

• (FX) Family challenge: parents are still against, difficult to make them understand SB vocation. Now, finally after many years of Salesian life: “If you feel happy, you follow God in this vocation”. Grandfather still not in favor – “If you join lay brother, I will reject you!” Uncles and other relatives tried to explain him. Before my perpetual vows “Now I’m very tired. I want not to join the perpetual vows Mass.” After meeting him again, now is alright, but he is still not happy!” (1^st challenge)

• Lay people of my parish didn't’ know about the SB vocation – the main cause of prejudice about SB vocation; also because they respect much more the priesthood. For them ‘to go to the convent’, means ‘to become a priest’! Many people put me the question: Why to be a lay brother? (Ex: In Vietnam the brothers Congregations are really small - La Salle Brothers: very few; OFM, OP – small numbers, and moreover their brothers are treated as ‘workers’).

• When in charge of the youth apostolate: Questioned by the youth about ‘You join Salesians as lay brother, are you happy?’ – After they get know about Brother Vocation and understand the need of Brothers vocation - they become happy. Seeing my lifestyle, start to love and respect me. When I go anywhere, I say, “I’m a lay brother, I’m happy to be a brother!” This is the best advertisement.

• (Br.T – formator, 7 years in the formation house of theology): Our external challenge is everlasting, variety present. Young candidates to Salesian life are raising a lot of questions to me (NB: I’m in charge of aspirants) – “Have you the ability (intellectual, capabilities) to choose to be a priest?” My answer is always: “Yes, but I didn’t choose it. I will live this identity with joy and commitment – to recognize my own SB identity.”

• It’s very useful for SB and SP to know well his own identity. There a lot of Salesian Priest who don't’ know who they are. They are treating many lay as diocesan priests. They can’t express Salesian Priest identity in their lifestyle. The same is valid for Salesian Brothers (a sandwich between priest and higly qualified lay people).

• Many young people are touched by living example, they share very frankly “I want to live as this, as that lay brother”. But when they join the Aspirantate and the Prenovitiate, they are not strong enough to overcome the external challenges from family, society, church. So far – for the SB promotion we don't’ have many MODELS in Vietnamese Province. Also when the candidate for priests celebrate their thanksgiving Mass, is does destroy a lot of influence on the parish youth – compared to the low profile celebrations of the perpetual profession of Brothers.

• Br. T: I agree on 4 external challenges, it’s obvious, natural. Challenge: I get very little from formation so far – about the deeper knowledge about the SB identity – who is Salesian brother in fact. I was deeply touched by some living examples of lay brothers. Observation (in Kalyani postnovitiate, INC) – the curriculum is general, is not focus on SB. I got very little from that. Suggestion – in every formation house that should be a progressive course on SB identity, so the SB candidates can assume the deeper meaning of SB.

• Some of the clerics look down on the lay brothers. They think, assume the Brothers can’t study philosophy or theology. They don't’ see the vocational option, they just reason in terms of inability to study or about lower intelectual preparation. So – not only Salesian Brothers don't’ know, but also clerics and priest don’t know exactly our Salesian vocation. They can’t treat us as the member of the same body – Salesian Congregation. (This is one VERY important recognition – on this I agree after long formation experience: Not few clerics don't’ know what SB is about really deeply!)

Italian experience (this brother participated in the San Benigno Canavese celebrations with RM, March 2005)

• There was a special formation house for SB formation – and many brothers received initial formation together with some basic specialization course (trade school in the past; 2005, March – took part in that celebrations). But in Vietnam we don’t have the best place to appreciate the SB vocation – like many technical schools or vocational training centers. In our Salesian parishes we can contribute only to liturgy, becoming too similar to the catechists, parish lay animators. This means our role is less important, almost equal to the lay people. An important question: How can I feel better my consecrated ‘face’? – How can I show it? Example – I can talk with confidence, in front or the lay without some substantial ‘professional commitment. We need more school, vocational training centers in Vietnam. The challenge of specialization is also not a small one: I have studied computer. But if I would be sent as a formator or economer – it’s very difficult to cope with this new situation I’m not prepared for!

Provincial Day of Salesian Brother (2004)

• We have raised similar question: If the Salesian Priest can do any job, how can we promote the Salesian Brother specific vocations? Priest can do anything in any sector of Salesian mission – sacramental, technical, social work! And what specific field of work remains for the Salesian Brother. Also our University of College aspirants are asking us also the same!

Specific formation of Salesian Brothers

• We feel a need of more self-conviction, take reflection to deepen the identity!

• We feel a need of change in our community mentality and structure:How can we rise/lift up the ‘face of SB’ in front of the parishioners and the youth? We can introduce Salesian Brother vocation to them and to ‘destroy’ our inferiority complex! [ex: external challenges – perpetual vows Mass the clerics put on the cassock – exterior sign for everybody him as a cleric. We have just the plain cloth. When the clerics serve in the Church, they receive the lectorate and acolytate – another external sign. In Vietnam the Brothers don't’ take the ministry of lector or acolyte!]

• Ex: Some brothers changed from SB to Salesian Priest (3 changed between 1998-2001, at the beginning of theology studies) in order to be recognized in front of the people. In Vietnam we had some gap in formation structure and some signs of favoritism of the candidates to priesthood at that time. Also our parishioners don't’ respect us, when they know we are lay brothers. The only way is to be deeply convinced and deeply motivated in our vocation!

33. VIE – Salesian Brothers Group contribution (specialization in Manila)

I. SITUATION 

Achievement

1.1 We read these books but we don't have CD, VCD, Vocation promotion and living models (books, CD,...) for the occasions to introduce to the young.

1.2 They are prepared better but they still need to improve personally to adapt with the modern time.

1.3 The provincial level of brothers meeting are frequently and fruitful.

1.4 We still need to specialize the Salesian Spirituality beside our professional aspect. It is also good to specialize other fields such as Bible, Theology if possible.

1.5 Yes. In Vietnam, it is frequently helpful. But the Salesian brother's presence has not been  prominent because of the social situation and mentality.

1.6 It is not well. It is important for the Rector of the Formation Houses to understand and appreciate that.

1.7 Need to increase the number

1.8 In Vietnam the brothers are close to people through their work, and so they are loved and help the people a lot.

1.9 Yes. I am happy. But I think we need to improve the interior/prayer life and settle the

specialization for brothers.

Challenges

1.10 Educative environment

1.11 Don't understand very well.

1.12 Discernment frequently

Accessment of the Guidelines

2.2 They are accepted as guidelines and inspiration for Salesian Brothers.

2.3 I think the awareness is more important.

2.4 The difficulties that Salesian brothers have to encounter is the Mentality

2.5 Many new vocations, specialization

2.6 complete program for initial formation on special occasions (A. Zatti)

For East Asia - Oceania Seminar

3.3 We would like the documents to reach our hands personally.

It is useful to work at team in regional level, so that it would be unified in all aspects.

We have tried our best to explain in our limited English. We hope you understand us.

Thank you and wishing you good health and God's grace.

34. EAO – Provincial’s meeting 2006 (Hong Kong) Feb, 9

Introduction

The materials of SB 2006 Cambodia Seminar were distributed [goals, process, logistics, preparation]. Discussion, clarification, feedbacks follow:

GIA – difficulty of Salesian brothers: if no Congress - ‘we will not go’ (language difficulty); there is no chance to enjoy the friendship (CIN: similar difficulties).

CIN - Who will take part? Can we ask the wounded person to take ‘the post’ of promoter? They find meaning in their own life, but not about the next generation.

GIA – There are very strong expressions - frank sharing in Japanese; the English translation is very soft; they feel hurt, not able to promote vocation for the ‘next sacrificial lamb, why to produce victims’? In the past the SB in GIA were treated bad, ‘abused’, used by the priests. Brothers were working a lot, but forgotten, lived by faith. We have not brother – models, although they are deep, strong in faith.

AUL – Also Srugi and Zatti were like this, victims, became Saints! The present brothers are ‘angry men’.

FIN – Melbourne Congress 1999 was very positive from this point of view. It helped.

GIA – There is a possible meeting also for ‘enjoying’ the way of the cross?! This would be only utopia for them! Very hard experience!

ITM – Many clerics and priest don't’ understand the brother vocation. Many feelings are founded. After talking about SB vocation we realized, that the ‘consecrated’ vocation is not understood, they become Salesians in order to become a priest! In many aspects is difficult for them to keep the discipline of religious life. Also is difficult for brother to understand himself in from of these priests. The seminar well done, can help us to deepen the understanding of being consecrated – religious. I’m first a Salesian, than ‘only’ a priest!

1. Concretely in ITM: we tried to remove the name of ‘Seminary’ in the Aspirantate of Venilale, Fatumaca – in East Timor [GIA – we did the same!], removed Seminaryo, but after 18 month was only ‘Philipo Rinaldi’. But we are not able to write the word ‘Aspirantate’.

2. Another story: We have insisted to Salesian Brothers to speak about their own vocation to the aspirants – Br. B. was the most active in talking; than gave me the letter of willing to become a candidate for priesthood. “Why would you like to become ‘just a brother’!” [B. was stoned to death?!] Why are they not so enthusiastic?

3. Postnovitiate – Wisma in Jakarta (30 clerics with few brothers), impossible to distinguish who is who. Salesian Brothers have better grades than the clerics! (not willing to become a brother).

PNG-SI: In all these comments I can feel – whenever there was a meeting stressing about what they not are. Now they are more positive “we are like this”. GIA/CIN is a real situation, being an exception in our Congregation. Also in India is this already overcome. It would be mistake to focus the Seminar to approach like this.

CIN: There is a certain ‘urgent need’ of priest? Why not priest? Don Bosco talked about some specific point - so we promote the Salesian lay consecrated vocation. Change of the strategy does not mean to avoid the question: Why the lay brothers in the congregation? [Need to put DB interpretation into our context].

AUL: Even theologically there was distinction about secular/ sacred ministry. Does it mean ‘doing other things, clear division on both sides’. It’s not going to be Congress, but facing theological, pastoral, Salesian issues. We will get some useful idea for our Province animation.

Conclusion: Questions about the immediate preparations:

• logistics: Hotel and DB school, direct flight to Phnom Penh (Cambodia)

• participants: <Form.Delegate-Voc.promoter-SB animator> + Brothers, Provincials welcomed any time; Edited: July, 24^th 2006 (EAO)