Subject: 'austraLasia' #343
SOLOMON ISLANDS: NO PEACE IN PARADISE
by Amnesty International
Armed militants have pledged to avoid fighting during the week-long Commonwealth Youth Ministers' Conference which begins in Solomon Islands on Monday. They should avoid fighting not just for a week, not just for foreign visitors but for their own families and villages, Amnesty International said today.
The gathering of 200 delegates from 50 nations in the capital Honiara,on Guadalcanal island, comes at time of increased violence in a conflict that has been largely ignored by the international community and left at least 60 people dead and up to 20,000 displaced since October 1998.
Last week, gunshots were fired at a truck carrying school children. The body of a decapitated man was found in a Honiara market and the head of another, apparently killed in revenge, was put on display at a road block outside the town.
The Isatabu Freedom Movement (IFM) has forced an estimated 20,000 people on Guadalcanal, mostly settlers from neighbouring Malaita island,to abandon their homes, jobs and properties and seek refuge with relatives in besieged Honiara or on other islands. Both IFM and the rival paramilitary Malaita Eagle Force (MEF) last week controlled police movements into areas east of the capital near the international airport.
The MEF is seeking revenge for gruesome killings, loss of face and property at the hands of impoverished IFM militants from Guadalcanal island. The IFM militants, initially known as Guadalcanal Revolutionary Army, include scores of child soldiers, some from families forced to provide recruits.
The MEF, illegally armed and supported by members of the predominantly
Malaitan police service, is using violence to dictate terms in a fragile
peace process initiated last year by Commonwealth Special Envoy, former
Fijian Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka. Rabuka hopes to chair further
negotiations on Saturday 27 May. Last week, MEF paramilitaries set up a
food, fuel and medical blockade stopping Red Cross and European Union aid
supplies to rural areas.
Unarmed members of a 12-strong international peace monitoring force were searched at gun point last week by MEF fighters engaged in a stand-off with Guadalcanal militants near the international airport. It is not clear how many fighters were killed or wounded in the area.
"All sides to the ethnic conflict on Guadalcanal, both rival armed groups and police forces, must accept responsibility for human rights abuses. By threatening, killing or brutalizing civilians, armed groups are only raising the stakes for present and future efforts towards peace," the organization said.
"If recent promising peace efforts are to make progress, the authorities -- particularly the police service -- will need urgent international support to halt the spiral of violence and end the suffering and human rights abuses being committed by all parties to the conflict."
There is encouraging good will among influential parties and a thirst for peace, justice and a normal life among suffering civilians, but without
supporting neutral security forces, improved capacity and training, the
police cannot regain control over law and order.
Amnesty International calls on all parties involved in the armed conflict to respect international human rights and humanitarian standards. Acknowledging and addressing human rights abuses by all parties is an essential ingredient in peace and reconciliation moves.
"We appeal to all militant and paramilitary leaders to stop 'payback'killings and discourage inflammatory rumours. Torturing or killing civilians and making women and children suffer is a grave abuse of human rights and international humanitarian law," Amnesty International said.
Background
Violent ethnic tension in the southwest Pacific nation's main island of
Guadalcanal, resulting mainly from unresolved land disputes between local
villagers and settlers who arrived after World War II, has recently escalated. Since late 1998, armed groups of unemployed youths, angry
about perceived government inaction in addressing their grievances, resorted to arms, atrocities and intimidation to drive out of rural Guadalcanal
virtually all settlers from other islands. Thousands of displaced families have since abandoned their homes, mostly via the capital Honiara on the north coast, now a Malaitan enclave within militant controlled territory.
Hundreds of homes have been burned down or looted. Reliable estimates of
civilian or military casualties are not available.
Hopes for a return to some normality were shattered in January when police allowed the newly-formed paramilitary Malaitan Eagle Force (MEF) to raid a police armoury. No arrests were made. Since then, frequent MEF operations, sporadic shootings and revenge attacks against civilians targeted for their ethnicity, have added pressure on a government struggling to address grievances and demands for compensation on both sides of the conflict.
Guadalcanal militants, criminal opportunists and Malaitan paramilitaries have been responsible for serious human rights abuses,including hostage-taking, killings, torture, rape, looting and burning down village homes. Police routinely fail to bring perpetrators of such abuses to justice, and permit both armed groups to continue their operations with virtually no risk of arrest. Police officers are often biased, fear reprisals or are unable to take action.
Some elements in the Malaitan-dominated police service have also committed human rights violations in the context of anti-militant operations, including indiscriminate firing into villages occupied by women and children and ill-treatment of child suspects. Allegations of rape by police officers and extrajudicial executions have not been investigated by the authorities. No inquest has been held into any of the killings.
Amnesty International condemns abuses committed by militant and paramilitary groups, its stand however does not carry a connotation of recognition, or condemnation of that group, nor does it constitute a comment on the legitimacy of its goals or political program.
