hf_ben-xvi_mes_20061121_lent-2007-en


hf_ben-xvi_mes_20061121_lent-2007-en

1 Page 1

▲back to top
The Holy See
MESSAGE OF HIS HOLINESS
BENEDICT XVI
FOR LENT 2007
“They shall look on Him
whom they have pierced” (Jn 19:37)
Dear Brothers and Sisters!
"They shall look on him whom they have pierced" (Jn 19: 37). This is the biblical theme that this
year guides our Lenten reflection. Lent is a favourable time to learn to stay with Mary and John,
the beloved disciple, close to him who on the Cross, consummated for all mankind the sacrifice of
his life (cf. Jn 19: 25). With a more fervent participation let us direct our gaze, therefore, in this
time of penance and prayer, at Christ Crucified who, dying on Calvary, revealed fully for us the
love of God. In the Encyclical Deus caritas est, I dwelt upon this theme of love, highlighting its two
fundamental forms: agape and eros.
God's love: agape and eros
The term agape, which appears many times in the New Testament, indicates the self-giving love
of one who looks exclusively for the good of the other. The word eros, on the other hand, denotes
the love of one who desires to possess what he or she lacks and yearns for union with the
beloved. The love with which God surrounds us is undoubtedly agape. Indeed, can man give to
God some good that he does not already possess? All that the human creature is and has is
divine gift. It is the creature, then, who is in need of God in everything. But God's love is also eros.
In the Old Testament, the Creator of the universe manifests toward the people whom he has
chosen as his own a predilection that transcends every human motivation. The prophet Hosea
expresses this divine passion with daring images such as the love of a man for an adulterous
woman (cf. 3: 1-3). For his part, Ezekiel, speaking of God's relationship with the people of Israel, is
not afraid to use strong and passionate language (cf. 16: 1-22). These biblical texts indicate that

2 Page 2

▲back to top
2
eros is part of God's very Heart: the Almighty awaits the "yes" of his creatures as a young
bridegroom that of his bride. Unfortunately, from its very origins, mankind, seduced by the lies of
the Evil One, rejected God's love in the illusion of a self-sufficiency that is impossible (cf. Gn 3: 1-
7). Turning in on himself, Adam withdrew from that source of life who is God himself, and became
the first of "those who through fear of death were subject to lifelong bondage" (Heb 2: 15). God,
however, did not give up. On the contrary, man's "no" was the decisive impulse that moved him to
manifest his love in all of its redeeming strength.
The Cross reveals the fullness of God's love
It is in the mystery of the Cross that the overwhelming power of the Heavenly Father's mercy is
revealed in all of its fullness. In order to win back the love of his creature, he accepted to pay a
very high price: the Blood of his Only Begotten Son. Death, which for the first Adam was an
extreme sign of loneliness and powerlessness, was thus transformed in the supreme act of love
and freedom of the new Adam. One could very well assert, therefore, together with St Maximus
the Confessor, that Christ "died, if one could say so, divinely, because he died freely" (Ambigua,
91, 1056). On the Cross, God's eros for us is made manifest. Eros is indeed, as Pseudo-Dionysius
expresses it, that force which "does not allow the lover to remain in himself but moves him to
become one with the beloved" (De Divinis Nominibus, IV, 13: PG 3, 712). Is there more "mad
eros" (N. Cabasilas, Vita in Cristo, 648) than that which led the Son of God to make himself one
with us even to the point of suffering as his own the consequences of our offences?
"Him whom they have pierced"
Dear brothers and sisters, let us look at Christ pierced on the Cross! He is the unsurpassing
revelation of God's love, a love in which eros and agape, far from being opposed, enlighten each
other. On the Cross, it is God himself who begs the love of his creature: He is thirsty for the love of
every one of us. The Apostle Thomas recognized Jesus as "Lord and God" when he put his hand
into the wound of his side. Not surprisingly, many of the saints found in the Heart of Jesus the
deepest expression of this mystery of love. One could rightly say that the revelation of God's eros
toward man is, in reality, the supreme expression of his agape. In all truth, only the love that unites
the free gift of oneself with the impassioned desire for reciprocity instils a joy which eases the
heaviest of burdens. Jesus said: "When I am lifted up from the earth, I will draw all men to myself"
(Jn 12: 32). The response the Lord ardently desires of us is above all that we welcome his love
and allow ourselves to be drawn to him. Accepting his love, however, is not enough. We need to
respond to such love and devote ourselves to communicating it to others. Christ "draws me to
himself" in order to unite himself to me, so that I learn to love the brothers with his own love.
Blood and water
"They shall look on him whom they have pierced". Let us look with trust at the pierced side of

3 Page 3

▲back to top
3
Jesus from which flow "blood and water" (Jn 19: 34)! The Fathers of the Church considered these
elements as symbols of the Sacraments of Baptism and the Eucharist. Through the water of
Baptism, thanks to the action of the Holy Spirit, we are given access to the intimacy of Trinitarian
love. In the Lenten journey, memorial of our Baptism, we are exhorted to come out of ourselves in
order to open ourselves in trustful abandonment to the merciful embrace of the Father (cf. St John
Chrysostom, Catecheses, 3, 14ff.). Blood, symbol of the love of the Good Shepherd, flows into us
especially in the Eucharistic mystery: "The Eucharist draws us into Jesus' act of self-oblation... we
enter into the very dynamic of his self-giving" (Encyclical Deus caritas est, n. 13). Let us live Lent,
then, as a "Eucharistic" time in which, welcoming the love of Jesus, we learn to spread it around
us with every word and deed. Contemplating "him whom they have pierced" moves us in this way
to open our hearts to others, recognizing the wounds inflicted upon the dignity of the human
person; it moves us in particular to fight every form of contempt for life and human exploitation and
to alleviate the tragedies of loneliness and abandonment of so many people. May Lent be for
every Christian a renewed experience of God's love given to us in Christ, a love that each day we,
in turn, must "re-give" to our neighbour, especially to the one who suffers most and is in need.
Only in this way will we be able to participate fully in the joy of Easter. May Mary, Mother of
Beautiful Love, guide us in this Lenten journey, a journey of authentic conversion to the love of
Christ. I wish you, dear brothers and sisters, a fruitful Lenten journey, imparting with affection to all
of you a special Apostolic Blessing.
From the Vatican, 21 November 2006
BENEDICTUS PP. XVI
© Copyright 2006 - Libreria Editrice Vaticana
Copyright © Dicastero per la Comunicazione - Libreria Editrice Vaticana